causes and impacts flooding carlisle as

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  • Created by: aml1
  • Created on: 12-05-17 19:37
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  • CAUSES AND IMPACTS OF FLOODING: CARLISLE, CUMBRIA, 2005
    • river EDEN rund through N Cumbria and reaches the sea near Carlisle
      • drainage basin of the river EDEn is v large, catches a large volume of rainfall, higher RD
    • steep sides, many tributaries, shorter lag time
    • CAUSES
      • PHYSICAL
        • heavy rainfall 2 days before. 200mm in 36 hours. equivalent to 4 moths rainfall
        • v high peak discharge of 1520 cumecs
          • compared to the normal 52 cumecs!!
        • saturated ground, water didn't soak in, ran straight off into river
      • HUMAN
        • CARLISLE large built up area, impermeable concrete and tarmac surfaces, little soil or vegetation
          • little infiltration of rainfall and high SR, which increased discharge
        • drains and sewerage systems overflowed in some areas- source of flooding themselves
          • 25% flooding problems associated with drains
    • EFFECTS
      • ENVIRONMENTAL
        • increased river bank erosion
        • rivers polluted with rubbish and sewage
      • ECONOMIC
        • took about 1 year to repair the damage to homes
          • cost over £100M
        • 350 businesses had to close, no electric, telephone service or transport
        • trade activities in Carlisle railway station were suspended
        • United Biscuits (largest employer in CARLISLE) was flooded with 3m water
          • over £5M damage
        • 33 out of 110 employees lost their jobs at United Biscuits
        • 70, 000 addresses had no power. sewage works, police station, fire station, and council offices were severely flooded
        • 80 buses (most common transport) were destroyed. roads and bridges were damaged IE WARWICK ROAD
      • SOCIAL
        • 3 people died
        • over 3000 made homeless for up to a year. thousands of possessions damaged
          • temporary accommodation was disruptive, separation from communities, friends, problems receiving post
        • children lost out on education, 4 schools severely flooded. NEWMAN CATHOLIC SCHOOL didn't open for at least 3 months
        • increase in stress-related illnesses

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