Biology Unit 1 Pathogens
- Created by: Dominic Hayward
- Created on: 30-10-13 11:05
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- Cause of Disease
- Classed as either infectious or non-infectious.
- Infectious diseases caused by pathogens eg bacteria and viruses (common cold, food poisoning or chest infections)
- Non-infectious diseases are caused by the body malfunctioning (cancer, heart disease)
- Disease caused by lifestyle
- Anything that increases the chance of disease is called a risk factor. The two most common diseases are cancer or CHD.
- Coronary heart disease (CHD) can have an increased risk form:
- Poor diet-high saturated fats, salt and LDL's increase the risk. Smoking, Lack of exercise and alcohol also increase risk.
- Smoking, Lack of exercise and alcohol can damage the heart and blood vessels.
- Cancer has an increased risk from:
- Reducing risk
- A healthy lifestyle lowers risk but it doesn't ensure you wont develop these diseases
- Risk=a measure of probability that damage to health will occur as a result of a given hazard
- Needs a timescale.
- Risk is relative, if you smoke you are more likely to get lung disease.
- Pathogens
- For a micro-organism to be considered a pathogen it must:
- 1. Gain entry to the host
- 2. Colonise the tissue of the host
- 3. Resist the defences of the host
- 4.Cause damage to the host
- 3. Resist the defences of the host
- 2. Colonise the tissue of the host
- 1. Gain entry to the host
- A pathogen is a micro-organism that causes disease (bacteria, viruses, fungi)
- Pathogens can enter the body through:
- The digestive system
- breaks in the skin
- The gas exchange system
- How does the body defend against pathogens
- Enzymes break down pathogens
- A mucus layer that forms a barrier
- Production of stomach acid
- How do pathogens cause disease:
- By producing toxins
- By damaging host tissues
- For a micro-organism to be considered a pathogen it must:
- Classed as either infectious or non-infectious.
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