cardiovascular disease
- Created by: Emily BIrch
- Created on: 08-05-13 20:00
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- cardiovascular disease
- heart attacks
- heart muscle supplied with blood by the coronary arteries
- if the coronary artery becomes blocked by a blood clot an area of the heart muscle becomes cut off from the blood supply .
- the loss of blood supply causes myocardial infarction aka heart attcak
- heart attacks can cause damage and death to heart tissue.
- symptoms of a heart attack include chest pains , sweating and shortness for breath
- complete heart failure can occur as a result from a heart attack
- stroke
- rapid loss of brain function due to a disruption in the blood supply to the brain
- this can be caused by a blood clot
- deep vein thrombosis
- caused by prolonged inactivity
- coronary heart disease
- have lots of atheromas in coronary artery's.
- lifestyle factors
- diet
- high in saturated fat increases risk of CVD
- high cholesterol
- high in salt increases risk of cvd as it increases chances of high blood pressure
- high blood pressure
- increase risk of damage to artery walls
- increase risk or atheroma formation
- excessive alcohol consumption,stress and diet can all cause high bp
- smoking
- carbon monoxide
- combines with haemoglobin and reduces amount of oxygen carried by blood
- nicotine
- makes platelets sticky increasing chance of blood clots forming
- decreases amount of antioxidants in the blood
- important in protecting cells from damage
- carbon monoxide
- inactivity
- increase in bp
- diet
- genetics- some people have particular alleles that make it moke likely for them to have high bp of high blood cholestrol and so they are more likely to suffer from CVD
- age- risk increases as age iincreases
- gender- men are 3 times more likely than women
- cholestrol
- lipid
- require some for body to function normally
- it needs to be attached to protein to be moved around , so the body forms lipoproteins
- high density lipoproteins
- mainly protein
- transport cholestrol from body tissue to the liver where its recycled or excreted
- function is to reduce blood cholestrol levelswhen the level is too high
- low density lipoproteins
- mainly lipid
- transport cholestrol from the liver to the blood
- function is to increase total blood cholestrol levels if they are low
- high density lipoproteins
- treatments
- educate people - e.g. diet and the risks associated with certain foods
- food products are now labelled with nutritional information particular with the amount of saturated fats in the product
- encouragement for people to stop smoking
- antihypertensives
- reduce B.P
- less chance of damsge to arteries and so reduce the risk of atheromas forming
- can cause palpitations, irregular heart ryhme , fasfaintring , headcahes and drowsiness
- beta blockers, diuretics, vaso
- plant statins
- reduce blood cholestrol level
- reduces atheroma formations
- can reduce vitamin absorbtion in the gut :(
- anticoagulants
- reduce formation of blood cltots
- prevent any existing blood clots from enlarging
- can cause osteoporosis
- platelet inhibitory drugs
- prevent platelets clumping together
- cause numerous side effects
- heart attacks
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