Carboxylic Acids and Esters
- Created by: Sophie
- Created on: 15-05-13 18:59
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- Carboxylic Acids
- -COOH as a functional group
- -anoic acid
- CH3COOH = ethanoic acid
- React like other acids with carbonates to produce CO2
- Salts formed in theses reactions end in -anoate
- Carboxylic acids dissolve in H20 to produce acidic solutions
- Ionise and release H+ ions
- BUT din't ionise completely so form weak acidic solutions
- Higher pH than aq solutions of strong acids with the same concentration
- BUT din't ionise completely so form weak acidic solutions
- Ionise and release H+ ions
- Fairly common
- Ethanoic acid can be made by oxidising ethanol
- Ethanol can also be oxidised using oxidising agents
- Ethanoic acid dissolves in water to make vinegar which is used for flavouring
- Citric acid manufactured in large quantities to make fizzy drinks
- Used to make soaps and esters
- Soaps and detergents
- Ethanoic acid isn't usually used as a solvent as it makes the solution acidic
- Esters
- Functional group -COO-
- Formed from an alcohol and a carboxylic acid
- An acid catalyst is usually used e.g concentrated sulfuric acid
- Acohol + carboxylic acid -> ester + H20
- Names end in -oate
- Alcohol forms first part of ester's name and acid forms second part
- E.g Ethyl ethanoate
- Methyl propanoate
- Pleasant smelling
- Volatile- ideal for perfumes
- Many are flammable- potentially dangerous
- Don't mix well with waters, but do mix well with alcohols and other organic solvents
- Flavourings and perfumes
- Some used in ointments
- Solvents for paint etc.
- BUT
- Inhaling fumes from some esters irritates mucus membranes
- Flammable vapour + naked flame = flash fire
- Some esters are toxiv, especially in large doses- health problems with synthetic food additives?
- Some aren't as volatile or toxic as other organic solvents
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