Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates
- Created by: lizzy.nilanujah
- Created on: 08-10-14 19:48
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- Carbohydrates
- monosaccharides
- glucose
- alpha
- beta
- C6H12O6
- galactose
- fructose
- ribose
- single molecule
- CH20
- triose
- used as a source of energy in respiration
- carbon-hydrogen bonds are broken to release energy
- energy is transferred to make ATP (adenosine triphosphate) from ADP (adenosine diphosphate)
- carbon-hydrogen bonds are broken to release energy
- act as building blocks for larger molecules
- glucose
- disaccharides
- glucose + glucose = maltose
- glucose + galactose = lactose
- glucose + fructose = sucrose
- non-reducing sugar
- glycosidic bonds
- C12H22O11
- condensation reaction
- sucrose = non-reducing sugar
- polysaccharides
- starch
- amylose
- 1,4 - glycosidic bond
- spiral structure
- amylopectin
- 1,6 - glycosidic bonds
- long branched structure
- grains
- insoluble energy store of glucose
- amylose
- glycogen
- alpha glucose
- 1,4 and 1,6 glycosidic bonds
- very branched structure/ short
- granules
- insoluble compact energy store of glucose
- cellulose
- beta glucose
- long chains cross linked together by H bonds
- fibres
- 1,4 - glycosidic bonds
- 1,4 - glycosidic bonds
- structural polysaccharide
- chitin
- beta glucosamine
- structure is similar to cellulose but with more H bonds
- strong fibres
- 1,4 - glycosidic bonds
- structural polysaccharide
- starch
- Cn(H2O)n
- monosaccharides
- act as building blocks for larger molecules
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