Carbohydrates

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  • Carbohydrates
    • Types of carbohydrate
      • Monosaccharides
      • Disaccharides
        • 2 monosaccharide
      • Polysaccharides
        • 20 or more monosaccharides
    • Glucose
      • Alpha-glucose
        • The OH- group is below the carbon 1
      • Beta-glucose
        • The OH- group is above the carbon 1
    • Examples Monsaccharide
      • Fructose
        • found in fruits
      • Galactose
      • Glucose
    • Polysaccharide
      • starch
        • found in plants (seeds)
      • glycogen
        • found in animals (muscles and liver)
      • cellulose
        • found in plants (cell wall)
    • Examples of Disaccharide
      • sucrose
        • found in plants
      • lactose
        • found in dairy
      • maltose
        • found in the digestive system
    • Biological Reactions
      • Hydrolysis
        • breakdown of compounds
          • requires water
      • Condensation
        • forms new bonds
          • forms water
    • Biological Tests
      • Benedict's test
        • reducing and non-reducing sugar
          • from light blue to brick red
      • Iodine test
        • Starch
          • from yellow brown to blue black

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