Carbohydrates
- Created by: olicobbold
- Created on: 04-10-13 09:55
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- Carbohydrates
- General formula: C(H2O)n
- Monosaccharides
- Alpha-Glucose
- Beta-Glucose
- Galactose
- Fructose
- Disaccharides
- lactose
- Glucose
- Galactose
- milk sugar
- Sucrose
- Glucose
- Fructose
- Table Sugar
- Maltose
- Glucose
- Glucose
- Germinating seeds
- lactose
- Polysaccharides
- Starch
- Poly-alpha-glucose
- Amylose and Amylopectin
- Amylose is helical
- Amylopectin is helical with brances
- 1-4 and 1-6 bonds
- Energy storage in plants
- Test is iodine solution, goes from light brown to blue/black
- Glycogen
- Poly-alpha-glucose
- Branched helical shape
- energy storage in plant cells in the muscles and liver
- 1-4 and 1-6 bonds
- Cellulose
- Poly-Beta-Glucose
- Long straight chains
- Hydrogen bonds form between the chains
- Strong microfibrilis
- found in plant cell walls
- Permeable and insoluble
- Starch
- Test for reducing sugars
- Add benedicts reagent
- Heat at 97C, goes from light blue to brick red
- For non reducing sugars
- Heat with HCl to hydrolyisise
- Add sodium carbonate to neutralise
- Then carry out test for reducing sugars
- Add sodium carbonate to neutralise
- Heat with HCl to hydrolyisise
- Add benedicts reagent
- Hydrolysis and condesation
- The addition of water to split apart disacchardies or polysaccharides
- Condensation is the joining together of monnosaccharides with glycosidic bonds
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