C2 - Bonding

This shows the three types of bonding.

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  • Created by: Katie
  • Created on: 19-05-13 15:00
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  • C2
    • Ionic Bonding
      • Ionic Compounds are held together by strog fores of attraction between the oppositely charged ions.
      • The formula of an ionic compound shows the ratio of ions present in the compound.
      • Takes part between a metal (which loses) and a non-metal (which gains).
      • When a metal and a non-metal react together, the end result leaves both ions with a full outer shell. they are held together by strong forces of electrostatic attraction, between the oppositely charged ions.
      • Key words: electrostatic, ion, ionic, lattice, dot and cross diagram and crystal.
      • Will generally take part between atoms in gruop 1 and 7 or group 2 and 6.
    • Covalent Bonding
      • The negative electrons are shared in the middle of two positive nuclei.
      • Each nuclei feels an attraction towards the shared electrons in the middle.
      • As electrons are shared inbetween the two atoms, the negative charges of the electrons and the positive charges of the nucleus hold the atoms together through electrostatic attraction.
      • This is where a non-metal and a non-metal react therefore it ends up sharing electrons.
      • Two non-metals share electrons. the negative electrons are shared in the middle of the two positive nuclei. Each nuclei feels an attraction twoards the shared electrons in the middle.
      • Key words: atoms, simple molecules, covalent, shared and electrostatic.
    • Metallic Bonding
      • Metal atoms are packed together in layers to form a regular pattern known as a lattice.
      • Each metal atom loses the electrons in its outer shell, to form positive metal ions. The electrons become delocalized, and are free to move around the whole structure.
        • Delocalized - these are the electrons that are not attached to any particular atom/ion, but are free to move around the structure.
      • The free flowing electrons are the ones that they lose through ionic bonding.
      • The attraction between the positive metal ions and the negative delocalized electrons is what holds everythig together.
      • The 'sea' of delocalized electrons can therefore be thought of as a 'glue' that holds the structure together.
      • Occurs beween a metal and a metal (therefore they lose).
      • In a lattice strucure whilst delocalised electrons act like a 'glue' holding it together with eletrostatic attraction.
      • Key words: delocalised, lattice, electrostatic, atoms, 'dea', 'glue' and crystal.

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