C1 part A
- Created by: FedUpWivThis
- Created on: 17-02-14 11:05
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- C1 A
- Atoms and Elements
- Atoms
- A small nucleus surrounded by electrons
- No. of protons = No. of Electrons
- An equal charge
- No. of protons = No. of Electrons
- A small nucleus surrounded by electrons
- Elements
- One type of atom only
- Atoms
- The periodic table
- Elements represented by symbols
- E.g. Carbon=C, Oxygen=O
- Puts elements with similar properties together
- Columns = Groups
- Same No. of electrons in outer shell
- Elements react in a similar way
- Columns = Groups
- Elements represented by symbols
- Electron Shells
- Electrons always occupy shells
- 1st shell=2, 2nd shell=8, 3rd shell=8 etc.
- Elements want full electron shells
- Electrons always occupy shells
- Compounds
- Atoms join together to make compounds
- Elements give away or share electrons to bond
- Atoms join together to make compounds
- Balancing equations
- Atoms are lost or made in reactions
- Get the same amount of each element on both sides
- Limestone
- Limestone is mainly Calcium Carbonate
- Thermal decomposition
- Calcium carbonate = calcium oxide + carbon dioxide
- Reaction with an acid
- Calcium carbonate + sulfuric acid = calcium sulphate + carbon dioxide + water
- Calcium oxide
- Reaction with water
- Calcium oxide + water = calcium hydroxide
- Calcium hydroxide + carbon dioxide = calcium carbonate + water
- Calcium oxide + water = calcium hydroxide
- Reaction with water
- Thermal decomposition
- Using limestone
- Quarrying
- Ruins landscape
- Creates pollution
- Used to make houses, roads and ingredients in paint and dyes
- Concrete/Cement
- Very quick and cheap
- Widely availabe
- Concrete/Cement
- Quarrying
- Limestone is mainly Calcium Carbonate
- Extraction of metals
- Ores contain metal
- Metals are extracted by reduction
- Some with carbon
- Have to be extracted by an element which is more reactive
- Some extracted by electrolysis
- E.g. Copper
- Is purified
- Extract copper from a solution using a displacement reaction
- E.g. Copper
- Metals are extracted by reduction
- Bad for environment
- Recycling metals is important
- Ores contain metal
- Alloys
- 2 metals together
- Stronger and harder
- Atoms are different sizes
- Stronger and harder
- 2 metals together
- Fractional distillation
- Crude oil
- Fractional distillation tower
- Split into individual elements by condensation at different levels
- Used as a fuel
- Bad for the environment
- Oil spills
- Global warming
- Acid rain
- Running out
- Need new power source
- Bad for the environment
- Fractional distillation tower
- Crude oil
- Atoms and Elements
- A formula shows what atoms are in a compund
- Compounds
- Atoms join together to make compounds
- Elements give away or share electrons to bond
- Atoms join together to make compounds
- E.g. C02
- Compounds
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