C12 Chemical Analysis
- Created by: Lucy Hart
- Created on: 08-11-19 18:28
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- C12 Chemical Analysis
- C12.1 Pure Substances and Mixtures
- pure - one substance in a compound or element
- melt + boil specific temperatures at fixed points = identify substance
- impure - mixture of substance
- melt + boil at range of tempratures
- formulation - a mixture designed to produce a useful product
- paint
- pigment - colour
- binder - paint attach to object
- solvent - spread paint
- paint
- pure - one substance in a compound or element
- C12.2 Analysing Chromatograms
- mobile phase - solvent
- Rf values measured against databases to identify substances
- stationary phase - paper
- stronger attraction to stationary phase will not travel as far
- mobile phase - solvent
- C12.3 Testing for Gases
- hydrogen - pop when apply lighted splint
- CO2 - limewater goes cloudy
- oxygen - relights a glowing splint
- chlorine - bleaches damp blue litmus paper white
- C12.4 Tests for positive ions
- flame tests
- method - 1. nichrome wire loop heated to clean 2.dipped in hydrochloric acid 3. dipped into metal compound 4.hold in Bunsen burners
- Lithium Li+ - crimson
- Sodium Na+ - yellow
- Potassium K+ - lilac
- Calcium Ca2+ - orange red
- Copper Cu2+ - green
- method - 1. nichrome wire loop heated to clean 2.dipped in hydrochloric acid 3. dipped into metal compound 4.hold in Bunsen burners
- sodium hydroxide tests
- Al2+, Ca2+, Mg2+ = white preciptate
- Cu2+ - blue preciptate
- Fe2+ - green preciptate
- Fe3+ - brown preciptate
- flame tests
- C12.5 Tests for negative ions
- carbonate test
- add dilute acid to produce CO2
- limewater goes cloudy
- add dilute acid to produce CO2
- halide test
- add nitric acid (dissolve compound) + silver nitrate solution
- chloride Cl- = white precipitate
- bromide Br- = cream preciptate
- iodide I- = yellow preciptate
- add nitric acid (dissolve compound) + silver nitrate solution
- sulfate test
- add hydrochloric acid
- precipitate = barium ions, white = sulfate ions
- carbonate test
- C12.1 Pure Substances and Mixtures
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