C1.1
- Created by: hattie townsend
- Created on: 16-03-16 16:26
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- C1.1 - The Fundamental Ideas in Chemistry
- Atoms and Elements
- All substances are made of atoms (very small molecules)
- Each atom has a small central nucleus made up of protons and neutrons with orbiting electrons around its shells
- A substance that contains one sort of an atom is called an element
- The Periodic Table
- Elements are arranged in the Periodic Table
- Group 1 metals react with water to produce an alkaline solution and hydrogen
- Group 0 are called the nobel gases, This is because they do not react as they have a full outer shell and so are stable
- Atomic Structure
- Protons, neutrons and electrons have relative electrical charges
- Protons: +1 Neutrons: 0 Electrons: -1
- The number of protons is the atomic number (bottom) and the sum of protons and neutrons is the mass number (top)
- Electronic Configuration and Structure
- Electrons in an atom occupy the lowest available energy level.
- For the first 20 elements: The first level can only contain two electrons and the energy levels after this can hold a maximum of eight
- Electronic configuration tells us how the electrons are arranged around the nucleus
- Atoms and Elements
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