C1 - AIR QUALITY
- Created by: AimeeJadeRobinson
- Created on: 17-05-16 19:05
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- C1 - Air Quality
- Evolution of atmosphere
- Phase 1 - volcanoes gave out gases
- Earth's surface was originally molten = hot & atmosphere boiled away
- Cooled = thin crust, volcanoes still erupt
- Volcano gas = CO2, water vapour & nitrogen - atmosphere had no oxygen
- Phase 2 - Green plants evolved & produced oxygen
- Green plants liked CO2 atmosphere
- CO2 dissolved into ocean, plants also removed CO2 & produce O2 = photosynthesis
- Carbon from dead plants became locked up in sedimentary rocks as fossil fuels
- Phase 3 - Complex organisms evolved
- Build up of O2 killed off some organisms that couldn't tolerate it but allowed others to evolve
- Phase 1 - volcanoes gave out gases
- The atmosphere today
- The atmosphere contains various chemicals
- Nitrogen = 78% Oxygen = 21% Argon = 1%
- Human activity is changing the atmosphere
- Human activity adds pollutants to the air = CO2, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides
- Some are released by nature
- Some are directly harmful = diseases Some are indirectly harmful = harm environment
- The atmosphere contains various chemicals
- Chemical reactions
- Substances = tiny particles of atoms
- Joined atoms = molecules
- Chemical reactions happen when atoms are rearranged
- Chemical reaction = rearrange atoms
- Reactants become products and no atoms are lost
- Reactants and products often have different properties
- Atoms rearrange but products formed have their own properties - these can be very different from reactant properties
- Fossil fuels
- Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons
- Most fuels contain carbon and hydrogen = hydrocarbons
- Burning fossil fuels is an example of oxidation
- Burning (combustion) is a chemical reaction
- Hydrocarbons burn, hydrogen atoms combine with oxygen = hydrogen oxide
- Carbon atoms combine with oxygen atoms = carbon dioxide
- Reaction adding oxygen = oxidation
- Oxygen lost = reduction
- Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons
- Air pollution - carbon
- Different forms of carbon pollution cause problems
- Fossil fuels contain carbon, it burns with lots of oxygen = carbon dioxide
- Burnt with little oxygen = carbon monoxide and carbon particles
- Carbon dioxide
- Stay in atmosphere until removed
- Can be removed naturally through photosynthesis
- Carbon monoxide
- It is poisenous - make you ill
- Different forms of carbon pollution cause problems
- Air pollution - Sulphur
- Comes from impurities in fuels
- Some sulphur burns and combines with oxygen to make sulphur dioxide
- It produces acid rain
- Acid rain causes lakes to become acidic, killing plants & animals, it also kills trees
- Comes from impurities in fuels
- Evolution of atmosphere
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