British Popular Culture- Cinema
- Created by: tomtom11
- Created on: 12-05-16 14:26
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- The rise and fall and rise of cinema.
- Cinema grew significantly in popularity during WWI, and this was continued with the introduction of 'talkies' in 1928.
- Cinema remained the most popular and important medium of popular culture.
- Cinema numbers rose from 3,000 in 1914 to almost 5,000 in '30s.
- Cinemas changed from seating 200-400 people to seating up to 2,000 people.
- '50- average person went to the cinema 28 time a year.
- Demand for escapism led to a cinema boom during WWII.
- In Which We Serve (1942) was popular
- The Gentle Sex (1943) explored wartime problems for women.
- American films depicted British life in Mrs Miniver (1942)
- British Popular Culture (Cinema)
- Censorship
- The British Board of Film Censors (BBFC) was established in 1912, and was against escapism mostly.
- The BBFC saw it as their duty to protect Britons from bad language, sex, and subversive ideas.
- They set out '43 rules' in 1917 that were accepted by local authorities as what was okay to show and what wasn't
- Between '28-'39, the BBFC banned 140 films and forced thousand more to edit their content.
- The 1959 Obscenity Act and 1968 Theatres Act led to increased permissiven-ess at the BBFC
- Allowed violent films like Get Carter and A Clockwork Orange in 1971.
- Allowed Sexual films like Confessions of a Window Cleaner in 1974.
- Americanisa-tion
- WWI led to Brit film industry collapse (lack of funding,and studio disruption)
- By 1925, only 5% of films shown in British cinemas were British.
- The 1927 Quota Act ensured all British-made films made up 20% of those shown by 1936.
- The reason that the British preferred American films were the higher production values in addition to the glamour of American heroes and heroines.
- Youths were spotted dressing like gangsters and actresses.
- Additionally, youths were reported saying American phrases like 'oh yeah?' and 'sez you!'
- Improved production, acting, and the toning down of elite manners and accents led to British films becoming more popular.
- A ''new wave' of films in the late '50s and '60s involved Look Back in Anger (1959), which was about gritty working-class lives.
- Relieved critical acclaim.
- Most people preferred James Bond films and the Carry On series.
- British film production crashed in the '70s due to cuts in American funding on British films, and Conservative government cuts to the National Film Finance Corporation.
- Brith films made each year fell from 49 in 1968 to 31 in 1980
- Censorship
- After the record-high ticket sales (1.635bn) in 1946, attendance fell steadily until the late '80s.
- Shrinking audiences forced over half the cinemas in the country to close between 1955 and 1963.
- It wasn't until the opening of state of the art multiplexes in '85 that attendances began to recover again
- Audience
- In '46, 69% of 16-19-year-olds went once a week compared to 11% of over-60s.
- More people went to cinemas in the North of England than the South- this was due to southerners have more income to spend on more expensive activities.
- Tastes cut across class boundaries- comedy, musical romances, drama, tragedy, history, crime, nature and reality.
- Saturday mornings were set aside for children with age-specific films and cheap seats
- This was most popular in the late 1940s and early 1950s
- British Popular Culture (Cinema)
- Censorship
- The British Board of Film Censors (BBFC) was established in 1912, and was against escapism mostly.
- The BBFC saw it as their duty to protect Britons from bad language, sex, and subversive ideas.
- They set out '43 rules' in 1917 that were accepted by local authorities as what was okay to show and what wasn't
- Between '28-'39, the BBFC banned 140 films and forced thousand more to edit their content.
- The 1959 Obscenity Act and 1968 Theatres Act led to increased permissiven-ess at the BBFC
- Allowed violent films like Get Carter and A Clockwork Orange in 1971.
- Allowed Sexual films like Confessions of a Window Cleaner in 1974.
- Americanisa-tion
- WWI led to Brit film industry collapse (lack of funding,and studio disruption)
- By 1925, only 5% of films shown in British cinemas were British.
- The 1927 Quota Act ensured all British-made films made up 20% of those shown by 1936.
- The reason that the British preferred American films were the higher production values in addition to the glamour of American heroes and heroines.
- Youths were spotted dressing like gangsters and actresses.
- Additionally, youths were reported saying American phrases like 'oh yeah?' and 'sez you!'
- Improved production, acting, and the toning down of elite manners and accents led to British films becoming more popular.
- A ''new wave' of films in the late '50s and '60s involved Look Back in Anger (1959), which was about gritty working-class lives.
- Relieved critical acclaim.
- Most people preferred James Bond films and the Carry On series.
- British film production crashed in the '70s due to cuts in American funding on British films, and Conservative government cuts to the National Film Finance Corporation.
- Brith films made each year fell from 49 in 1968 to 31 in 1980
- Censorship
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