Bowlby's monotropic theory to attachment
- Created by: emmarhianne
- Created on: 26-03-17 14:25
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- Bowlby's monotropic theory
- Adaptive: attachments are adaptive, they give our species an 'adaptive advantage' making us more likely to survive- if an infant has an attachment to a caregiver they are kept warm, safe and given food-evolved.
- Social releasers: Babies have social releasers which 'unlock' the innate tendency of adults to care for them, they can either be physical: baby face, behavioural: crying, cooing, smiling- promote caring from caregiver and strengthen attachment.
- Critical period: have to form an attachment during a critical; between birth and 2.5 years. - as months progress it become more difficult to form an attachment, if not a child will be physically, intellectually, socially and emotionally damaged for life.
- Monotropy: one intense to a primary attachment figure who is usually their mother. Promotes good emotional development, self-esteem and later relationships with peers, lovers and children- key basis is down to who responds most sensitive to a child's needs.
- Internal working model: expectations of later relationships based on caregiver-infant attachment. Inconsistent: clingyness, trust issues and unsuccessful relationships. Healthy: secure and long lasting.
- Monotropy: one intense to a primary attachment figure who is usually their mother. Promotes good emotional development, self-esteem and later relationships with peers, lovers and children- key basis is down to who responds most sensitive to a child's needs.
- Critical period: have to form an attachment during a critical; between birth and 2.5 years. - as months progress it become more difficult to form an attachment, if not a child will be physically, intellectually, socially and emotionally damaged for life.
- Social releasers: Babies have social releasers which 'unlock' the innate tendency of adults to care for them, they can either be physical: baby face, behavioural: crying, cooing, smiling- promote caring from caregiver and strengthen attachment.
- Research evidence that supports the idea that attachment is innate and there is a critical period: Lorenz found goslings imprinted to the first moving object and there was a critical period of 30 hours, this supports the theory as the ducks first instinct was to attach; shows its innate
- Hard to say ducks attach in the same way as humans, research may not be able to be generalised to humans.
- Further supporting evidence: Schaffer and Emerson found that 87% of 60 infants had formed one main attachment by 18 months; therefore supporting as it shows that at 6 months infants had developed one main attachment- supporting idea of monotrophy.
- Theory has been criticised for neglecting the role of the father; Geiger shows that fathers play an important pole as a playmate and that their interactions are exciting and more pleasurable than mothers, also children with secure father attachments have better relationships; therefore the father can become the primary attachment figure.
- Adaptive: attachments are adaptive, they give our species an 'adaptive advantage' making us more likely to survive- if an infant has an attachment to a caregiver they are kept warm, safe and given food-evolved.
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