Bowlby

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  • Bowlby's monotropic theory (ASSMIC)
    • Adaptive
      • Attachments are adaptive and a product of evolution
    • Sensitive period
      • Bowlby said critical period of about 0-2 1/2 yrs. Rutter modified to babies are most likely to be attached during sensitive period (4-6 mnths)
    • Social releasers
      • Child has built in mechanisms for encouraging care giving behaviour from parents
    • Monotropy
      • A child must have one main primary attachment
    • Internal working model
      • Based on Freud's idea of the mother-child relationship acting as a prototype for all future attachments
    • Continuity hypothesis
      • Internal working model ensures early attachments are reflected in later relationship types
    • Evaluation
      • A weakness is that there is implications of the monotropy theory because mother may go back to work and leave child in a day care. Therefore it lacks validity because there are many children who do not have one primary caregiver
      • A strength is that there is animal evidence showing there is a critical period (Lorenz's Geese). Therefore it has a higher reliability because there is other evidence supporting the theory
      • A weakness is that there is contradictory such as Schaffer & Emerson's findings of multiple attachments. Therefore there is a lower validity because there is evidence which suggests other wise of this theory

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