Bourbon restoration basics
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- Created on: 22-05-13 20:02
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- Bourbon Restoration
- Terms decided by allies
- Allies occupied 6 1 departments at French expense, demanded a hefty indemnity before they would leave
- Determined on a royalist France
- Louis never had a free hand to design his own restoration. Allied powers armies surrounded him decided upon a liberal constitution, not as a matter of principle but to ensure future stability thus the stability of Europe
- What did the French people want?
- Little popular support for restored monarchy, but a settled system of government was vital
- New consitution
- Proclaimed the individuals liberal freedoms of religion and opinon whilst restoring Catholicsm as State Church.
- Revolutionary land settlement, purchases of Church and emigre land during 1790s was guaranteed
- Government reforms to army
- 1814-15 - army reduced from 500,000 to 223,000 men which was a necessary step for the peace of Europe and national finances
- Army reforms meant 300,000 ex-soldiers were now unemployed and also were fervent supporters of Napoleon. IF Napoleon ever returned they could be relied on to rally his cause
- Military posts handed out to returning emigres who'd fougut against the French since 1789
- Revival of king's household troops and the raising of 5 Swiss regiments created a privileged army within an army of over 6000 men who were militarily useless
- Imperial Guard, Napoleon's veteran elite of over 100,000 were kept intact and just renamed so they remained a threat
- Reasons for increasing popularity in 1814
- Late july, a budget was produced that entailed maintaing and even increasing the heavy tax burden inherited from Napoleon. Particularly, the tax on wine, tobacco and salt that fell disproportionately on the poor.
- Aspects of the Charter such as recognition of Cahtolicsm as stet relgiion marked the beginning of a drive to recover some of its pre-revoltuionary status.Mission sent to Rome with aim of annulling the 1801 concordat. Catholic schools given more freedom.
- In September, the government's proposed returning all unsold beins nationaux to the original owners. Bill passed but only after fierce opposition. Feared that next step might be rest of land given back
- Terms decided by allies
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