bonding AS-level unit 1 AQA
- Created by: rhianne slater
- Created on: 22-12-12 16:06
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- bonding
- ionic boning
- ionic bonding is strong elctrostatic force of attraction between oppositely-charged ions
- it happens between metal and non-metal ions
- the metal ion is charged positively
- the non-metal ion is charged negatively
- an atom becomes charged if it gains or loses an electron
- if an atom loses one or more electrons, it becomes positively charged
- if an atom gains one or more electron, it becomes negatively charged
- covalent bonding
- covalent bonds are a shared PAIR of electron between two atoms
- this type of bonding happens between 2 non-metal atoms e.g. H2O (water)
- sometimes like in NH4 a dative covalent bond is needed;
- a dative covalent bond is a covalent bond where both of the shared electrons are donated from one of the atoms
- covalent bonds are a shared PAIR of electron between two atoms
- metallic bondinng
- metallic bonding is electrostatic force of attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons
- if you are asked in an exam to draw a lattice of metallic bonded ions, you must always draw at least 6 positive ions and the corrosponding number of free electron, or you won't get the marks
- intermolecular forces
- polar bonds
- sometimes covalent bonds are polar; this means the shared pair of electrons are not shared equally
- one atom will attract the pair of electrons more than the other atom
- this depends on the electronegativity of the atoms involved
- one atom will attract the pair of electrons more than the other atom
- sometimes covalent bonds are polar; this means the shared pair of electrons are not shared equally
- there are three different types of IMF's
- hydrogen bonding (this is the strongest)
- dipole - dipole
- Van Der Waals (this is the weakest IMF)
- if you are given a compound in the exam and are asked to find out what IMFs work on it, follow this flow chart
- does it use...
- ionic bonding
- metallic bonding
- covalent bonding
- does it have polar bonds ?
- no? e.g.Cl2
- Van Der Waals only
- yes? e.g.Cl2
- dos it contain a F, Cl, Br or an I bonded to a hydrogen ?
- no? e.g. HCl
- Van Der Waals and Dipole- Dipole bondings
- yes? e.g. water
- Hydrogen bong, dipole-dipole and Van Der Waals
- no? e.g. HCl
- dos it contain a F, Cl, Br or an I bonded to a hydrogen ?
- no? e.g.Cl2
- does it have polar bonds ?
- does it use...
- polar bonds
- ionic boning
- electronegativity is the power of an atom to attract the electron density (the shared pair of electrons) to itself in a covalent bond
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