Bonding, Structure and Properties of Matter
- Created by: ElizabethStudies
- Created on: 27-01-19 10:00
View mindmap
- Bonding, Structure and Properties of Matter
- Covalent Bonding
- When non-metal atoms bond together, they share electrons. This make a Covalent Bond.
- Covalent Bonding happens in compounds of non-metals and non-metal elements.
- Dot and cross diagrams show the bonding in covalent compounds.
- Electrons that are drawn in the overlap between the outer orbitals are shared between those atoms.
- Formation of Ions
- Ions are charged particles.
- Atoms lose or gain electrons (to form ions), they are trying to get a full outer shell.
- When metals form ions, they lose electrons from the outer shell to form positive Ions. When non-metals form ions they gain electrons into their outer shell to form negative ions.
- The number of electrons lost or gained is the same as the charge on the ion. For example, if 2 electrons are lost the charge is 2+.
- Ionic Bonding
- When a metal and a non-metal react together, the metal atom loses electrons and the non-metal gains these electrons.
- These oppositely charged ions are strongly attracted to one another by electrostatic forces.
- Dot and Cross Diagrams show the arrangement of electrons in an atom or an ion.
- Each electron is represented by a dot or a cross.
- When a metal and a non-metal react together, the metal atom loses electrons and the non-metal gains these electrons.
- Ions are charged particles.
- Simple Molecular Substances
- Simple Molecular Substances are made up of molecules containing a few atoms joined together by covalent bonds.
- Properties of Simple Molecular Substances.
- The forces of attraction between these molecules are very weak.
- Melting and boiling points are very low.
- They don't conduct electricity because they aren't charged.
- Most molecular substances are gases or liquids at room temperature.
- Covalent Bonding
Comments
No comments have yet been made