Black & Tan Fantasy - Duke Ellington
- Created by: ashtonfrancesca
- Created on: 24-03-14 13:55
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- Black & Tan Fantasy - Duke Ellington & Bubber Miley
- STRUCTURE
- Ends with coda (Bb min)
- Tutti, Sax solo, Trumpet solo, piano solo, trombone solo, trumpet solo, tutti.
- 'Head' arrangement: harmonised theme provides chord sequence for following melodic improvs
- Head: 12 bar blues, played 6x total, 1st & 2d separated by an independent 16 bar section
- 6th & final chorus is incomplete, interrupted by preparation for ending
- TEXTURE
- Sustained chordal accompaniment, low in register, from sax in interlude (13-28)
- Opening & closing sections: trumpet & trombone playing mainly parallel 6th
- Piano texture in chorus 4 - stride style of accompaniment
- Chrouses 1,2,5&6: simple MDH
- TONALITY
- B.13-coda at 87: parallel maj key of Bb maj
- Begins & ends in Bb minor
- RESOURCES
- 'Jungle Style' - heavy drums, low sax textures, growling sound of plunger-muted trumpet
- Reeds (sax & clarinet), Brass (trumpets & tombone), Rhythm section (piano, banjo, drums and [double] bass)
- Trumpet & trombone pitch bends (b.3+7)
- Wide vibrato & use of portamento: sax solo (b.13-28)
- Piano solo: stride style (b.53-64)
- Horse whinny in trombone solo & muted growl in trumpet
- METRE
- 4/4 - steady swing temp
- RHYTHM
- Opening underlined by constant accented chords that accompany the head
- Sax interlude: triplets & syncopated, swung quavers
- Trumpet solo; more complex rhythms: triplet crotchets & long upbeat dotted crotchets
- Piano solo: more crotchet movement in bass & quaver, semiquaver movement in treble, swung rhythm & some syncopation
- Anacrusis at start of piano solo
- HARMONY
- Changes of the head are diatonic & functional (blues elements e.g. Dflats & pitch bends)
- Mainly based around 12 bar blues sequence
- More advanced chromatic harmony as piece progresses
- 7th chords, secondary dominant & substitution chords
- Cycle of 5ths (19-20 & 84)
- Parallel harmonic movement (27-28)
- German augmented 6th (13 & 21)
- Piano solo: substitution chords
- Coda contains plagal cadences (unusual for jazz)
- MELODY
- Chromaticism (25-26)
- Trumpet solo: bluesy notes clash with diatonic Bb maj harmony of 12 bar sequence - covers large 2x8ve range
- Sax interlude uses rare whole-tone scale (13-14) before conjunct & broken chordal accompaniment
- Head melody based on chorus of 'The Holy City' but rhythm is augmented & tonality from maj to min
- More dissonant clashes of diminished 5ths (eg F nat at 41)
- Piano solo: mostly diatonic, some chromatic passing notes to mimic effect of blues notes
- Repeated ideas (56) & turn figure dominates (61)
- Trombone solo: high in range & smaller tessitura (10th). Uses blue 3rds (74) & horse whinny
- Coda quotes Chopin's funeral march
- STRUCTURE
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