Biopsychology
- Created by: Amelia.Page
- Created on: 07-05-19 12:23
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- Biopsychology
- The nervous system
- The central nervous system
- Brain
- Spinal cord
- Peripheral nervous system
- Somatic nervous system
- Autonomic nervous system
- Sympathetic nervous system
- vital functions
- Parasympathetic nervous system
- Muscle movements
- Sympathetic nervous system
- Fight or flight
- The central nervous system
- The endocrine system
- Glands and hormones
- Fight or flight
- Neurons
- Sensory
- Relay
- Motor
- Action potential
- Synaptic transmission
- synaptic vesicles
- Presynaptic terminal
- Synaptic cleft
- Postsynaptic receptor site
- Inhibition vs excitation
- Localisation
- Frontal lobe
- Motor area
- Brocas area
- Wernickes area
- Parietal lobe
- Somatosensory are
- Occipital lobe
- Visual area
- Temporal lobe
- Auditory area
- Evaluation
- Brain scan evidence: Petersen reading and listening tasks
- Neurosurgical evidence
- Case study evidence (Phineas Gage)
- Lashley's research
- Plasticity
- Frontal lobe
- Plasticity
- synaptic pruning in childhood
- Maguire et al: London taxi drivers and the posterior hippocampus
- Draganski: medical students
- Functional recovery after trauma
- Axonal sprouting
- Evaluation
- Practical application: neurorehabilitation
- Negative plasticity: phantom limb syndrom
- Age and plasticity: Bezzola et al: golf
- Support from animal studies: kitten's eye
- Cognitive reserve: education and the brain's ability to recover
- Split-Brain Research and Hemispheric Lateralisation
- Split brain studies: Sperry's epilepsy patients
- Describe what you see
- Recognition by touch
- Composite words
- Matching faces
- Evaluation
- Demonstrated lateralised brain functions (Verbal and analytical vs spatial and musical)
- Methodological strengths
- Theoretical basis: duality or interactionist?
- Generalisation
- Split brain studies: Sperry's epilepsy patients
- Ways of Investigating the Brain.
- Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)
- Blood flow and oxygen, 3D images
- No radiation
- Risk-free
- Non-invasive
- High spatial resolution
- Expensive
- Person must stay still
- poor temporal resolution
- Can only measure blood flow to indicate some form of activity
- Electroencephalogram (EEG)
- Electrical activity
- diagnosis use
- Sleep stages
- High temporal resolution
- Generalised nature
- Event-related Potentials (ERPs)
- Isolated EEG
- Specific
- High temporal resolution
- Lack of standarisation
- Background noise
- Post-mortem Exams
- Post-death
- Vital in providing foundations
- Generating hypotheses
- Causation
- Consent
- Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)
- Circadian Rhythems
- lasts around 24 hours
- Siffre's cave study
- Aschoff and Wever: WWII bunker
- Folkard et al: Clock cave study
- Evaluation
- Shift work
- Drug treatments
- Case studies and small samples
- Poor control
- Individual differences: larks and owls
- Infradian and Ultradian Rhythms
- Infradian
- Longer than a day
- Menstrual cycle: Stern and McClintock hormone study
- Seasonal Affective Disorder
- Ultradian
- Sleep cycle: 123425
- Evaluation
- Evolutionary basis for the menstrual cycle
- Stern and McClintock limitations: confounding variables
- REM sleep and dream recall
- Animal studies: hormones
- Practical application in SAD treatment
- Infradian
- Endogenous Pacemakers and Exogenous Zeitgebers
- Endogenous Pacemakers
- Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
- Light in the Optic Chiasm
- DeCoursey: Chipmunks study
- Ralph et al: Mutant hamsters
- Melatonin (SAD)
- Exogenous Zeitgebers
- External cues: light
- Social cues
- Campbell and Murphy: Light on the knee
- Evaluation
- Beyond the master clock: Damiola and mice feeding habits
- Ethics in animal studies
- Overstated influence of Exogenous Zeitgebers: artic time zones
- Cannot separate cues: lack of validity
- Confounding variables and the lack of control in studies
- Endogenous Pacemakers
- The nervous system
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