b1 biology

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  • Created by: Nadia omg
  • Created on: 02-01-13 19:16
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  • Biology, you and your genes,
    • Genetic testing
      • Its possible to test someone for a faulty allele, if the tests are positive an appropriate method must be chosen taking risks and benifits into account
      • if an adult has the test for the faulty allele they may choose not to have children or they could accept the disease and have a child anyway knowing the risk that the allele could be passed on
      • Children can be tested so that possible preventive measures can be tried
      • testing fetuses
        • The fluid around the fetus can be testeed and the placenta
          • This carries small risks like miscarriage
        • if a faulty allele is found parents will decide whether or not to terminate the baby and whether family member should be told as they may also carry it
      • false neagtives are rare and false positives even rarer however a false positive could result in termination when the fetus was healthy
      • implications of genetic testing
        • how can mistakes be prevented??
        • Is it wrong to interfere with nature??
        • Who has the right to decide if a disease is worth living for?
        • governments do have the ability to test but should they?
        • should employers or insurance companies to have access to this information? they could use it to discriminate people??
    • asexual reproduction
      • bacteria and other single celled organisms reproduce by dividing into two new individuals they are now genetically identical (clones)
        • variations in asexual orgasnisms is only caused by environmentalfactors
          • in animals clones can occur naturally, when the cells of an embryo seperate causing twins to form
            • Animal clones can also be caused artificially by transferring the nucleus from an adult cell into an empty (nucleus removed) cell which is unfertilised, the new individual will have the same genetic information as the donor
              • conficting views saying this is process in unethical
      • alot of plants produce clones when they form bulbs or runners.
        • Bulbs  are swollen leaves that act as a store then develop into new plants
          • daffodils
        • runners develop new plants, the new plants then grow
          • both these methods allow pants to reproduce without sex cells(gametes) however as no variation is taking place they will be at risk to the same diseases as the parent plant
            • Bulbs  are swollen leaves that act as a store then develop into new plants
              • daffodils
          • strawberries
  • runners develop new plants, the new plants then grow
    • both these methods allow pants to reproduce without sex cells(gametes) however as no variation is taking place they will be at risk to the same diseases as the parent plant
      • strawberries

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