Lipids & Denaturation
- Created by: tayladave
- Created on: 18-09-14 21:14
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- Biology
- Denaturation
- The hydrogen bonds are easily broken by heating.
- As atoms are heated they vibrate more and more up to the point that the hydrogen bonds break.
- Protein is denatured.
- You can denature a protein by heating it or changing the PH.
- As atoms are heated they vibrate more and more up to the point that the hydrogen bonds break.
- Enzymes are proteins.
- An example is egg; the uncooked protein is heated to become a cooked protein network.
- The two structures are; GLOBULAR and FIBROUS.
- An example is egg; the uncooked protein is heated to become a cooked protein network.
- The hydrogen bonds are easily broken by heating.
- Lipids
- Fats are solid at room temperature whereas Lipids are liquid at room temperature.
- Lipids are a diverse group of compounds that are insoluable in water but soluable in organic substances eg. solvents such as ethanol.
- The most common types of lipid are triglycerides, but other important lipids include waxes, steroids and cholesterol.
- Triglycerides can be fats or oils.
- Lipids only contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
- Triglycerides can be fats or oils.
- The most common types of lipid are triglycerides, but other important lipids include waxes, steroids and cholesterol.
- What jobs do Lipids do?
- Water proofing - Insoluable to water, both plants and insects have waxy cuticles.
- Energy storage - Lipids provide more than twice the ammount of energy as carbohydrates.
- Lipids are stored in ADIPOSED tissue, which has several impotant roles.
- Heat insulation - in mammals adipose tissue underneath the skin helps reduce heat loss.
- Protection - adipose tissue around delicate organs, acting as a cushion eg. for kidneys.
- Emulsion test for lipids!
- 1) Ethanol is added to the sample of lipid and the test tube is shaken so the sample dissolves.
- 2) Lipids dissolve in ethanol because ethanol is a non polar molecule.
- 3) The dissolved lipid is added to pure water - in which it is insoluable - where a white cloudy emulsion appears.
- 2) Lipids dissolve in ethanol because ethanol is a non polar molecule.
- 1) Ethanol is added to the sample of lipid and the test tube is shaken so the sample dissolves.
- Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty acids.
- Saturated fatty acids only contain single bonds between carbon atoms. This makes molecules straight.
- Polyunsatuated fatty acids contain two or more.
- Monosaturated contain 1 double bond.
- Polyunsatuated fatty acids contain two or more.
- Unsaturated fatty acids contain double bonds between carbon atoms, creating a kink to the chain.
- Monosaturated contain 1 double bond.
- Saturated fatty acids only contain single bonds between carbon atoms. This makes molecules straight.
- Phospholipids
- Its what cell membranes are made of! It contains glycerol and two fatty acids.
- A polar phosphate is joined to the third hydroxyl group of the glycerol molecule.
- A polar will interact in water eg. dissolve and is hydrophillic - water loving.
- A molecule that is both hydrophallic and hydrophobic is omniphillic.
- A non polar is hydrophobic meaning it wont interact with water.
- A molecule that is both hydrophallic and hydrophobic is omniphillic.
- A polar will interact in water eg. dissolve and is hydrophillic - water loving.
- Denaturation
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