B3(mutations/proteins/enzymes)
- Created by: Saffi125
- Created on: 21-04-14 10:19
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- Biology B3
- proteins
- Collagen
- structural protein
- makes bones, skin, tendons etc.
- Insulin
- hormone
- made in the pancreas
- controls blood sugar levels
- Haemoglobin
- carries oxygen to respiring cells
- carrier protein
- in red blood cells
- Enzymes
- catalysts
- control all chemical reactions
- genes
- some genes are switched off for making a particular protein
- Collagen
- Enzymes
- folded into a certain shape
- this is called the active site
- the specific substrate can only fit the specific enzyme
- catalyst for bodies chemical reactions
- work best at ...
- optimum temperature (37.5)
- low temperature results in...
- not enough energy for collisions
- low rate of reaction
- low rate of reaction
- not enough energy for collisions
- too hot temperature results in...
- enzyme becomes denatured
- substrate molecule can't fit the active site
- change of shape is irreversable
- enzyme becomes denatured
- low temperature results in...
- optimum pH
- optimum temperature (37.5)
- folded into a certain shape
- Mutations
- change in a gene
- DNA replication error??
- often no external cause
- could be ionising rays/tabacco smoke
- Involves a change in the order of nucleotides
- might now code for a different protein
- DNA replication error??
- some are harmfull
- cancer
- particular enzymes might not work now
- slightly different shaped haemoglobin (sickle cell anaemia)
- some are useful
- pale skin useful for cold countries for Vitamin D
- variation between species
- change in a gene
- proteins
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