B2
- Created by: Georgia Chater
- Created on: 11-12-12 21:11
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- Biology 2
- Cells, tissues & Organs
- Parts of a cell are called organelles
- Plant cell
- cytoplasm
- vacuole
- mitochondria
- ribosomes
- nucleus
- cell wall
- cell membrane
- chloroplasts
- Animal Cells
- cytoplasm
- mitochondria
- ribosomes
- protein synthesis takes place
- nucleus
- cell membrane
- Plant and Animal cells are grouped together in tissues
- oxygen & other dissolved substances move in & out of cells through diffusion
- Plants & Enviroment
- Chlorophyll in plant cells absorbs energy from sunlight
- Photosynthesis
- CO2+H2O --glucose + O
- glucose used to supply energy
- make protein for new cells & enzymes
- makes cellulose to make cell walls
- storage for starch & fat
- glucose used to supply energy
- Limiting factors: light, temp & CO2 concentration
- CO2+H2O --glucose + O
- Photosynthesis
- quantitative data about the distribution of organisms can be collected using quadrats & transects
- distribution of different species of organisms in the environment depend on:
- oxygen, temp, CO2, nutrients, light, water
- Chlorophyll in plant cells absorbs energy from sunlight
- Proteins & respiration
- Protein molecules= long chained amino acids
- hormones, antibodies, enzymes all proteins
- enzymes are biological catalysts Control metabolic reactions
- living organisms release energy from glucose by respiration
- rate enzymes work affected by temp and pH
- Aerobic respiration
- energy released when glucose and oxygen mix
- exercise: muscles use a lot of energy. B rate & H rate increase for more oxygen to go to muscles
- anaerobic respiration small amount of energy is released from glucose without using oxygen
- Cell division, inheritance & speciation
- Mitosis: cell division. results in 2 identical daughter cells
- meiosis: cell division to produce gametes. Results in genetically different cells.
- each with half the normal number of chromosomes
- clones can be created by tissue culture, embryo transplants, adult cell cloning
- If 2 populations of species become separated a new species can arise
- natural selection can make them so different they can't interbreed
- genes pass through generation
- alleles: a gene controlling a particular characteristics
- Genetic diagrams are used to predict the probability characteristics will appear on offspring
- Cells, tissues & Organs
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