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- Biology Unit 3
- DNA
- Its structure was discovered by Watson and Crick in 1953.
- It is important to know the structure as it is easier to understand other things
- Found inside the nuclues.
- Can replicate itself by uncoiling itself, unzipping, join with other nucleotides and winding back up.
- Made up of 4 bases. A, T. C, G.
- it is important as it codes for everything in our body
- a sequence of three bases code for the production of a certian amino acid.
- these combine to make protiens
- a sequence of three bases code for the production of a certian amino acid.
- A mutation can happen when the DNA base sequence is altered
- The change in the DNA causes the wrong proteins to be produced meaning the wrong proteins are made
- Its structure was discovered by Watson and Crick in 1953.
- Enzymes
- Biological catalysts which speed up reaction in the body.
- the active site is the part where it joins to its substrate
- If it is damaged then the enzyme wont be able to catalyse the reaction.
- it has been denatured
- This is called the 'lock and key' mechanisim
- If it is damaged then the enzyme wont be able to catalyse the reaction.
- Blood
- plasma is the liquid part that carries all the components of blood
- Blood contains red and white blood cells and platlets, hormones, antibodies, water, CO2, urea and digested food.
- Blood vessles
- arteries carry blood under high pressure AWAY from the heart. therefore, they have to be thick and elastic
- Capillaries are one cell thick and can carry blood really close to every cell in the body so substances can diffuse in and out.
- Veins take blood back to the heart at a much lower pressure sob they don't have to be as thick
- valves stop the backflow of blood
- DNA
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