B3 - Biology Unit 1 - You and Your Genes
- Created by: SongOfFireAndIce
- Created on: 19-03-16 09:08
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- Biology 1
- Genes, Variation and Inheritance
- Genes Chromosomes DNA
- 1.)Most cells have a nucleus and its the nucleus which contains the genetic material
- 2.)Genetic material in the nucleus is arranged in chromosomes Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes
- 3.)Each chromosome is one long molecule of DNA that's coiled up.
- 4.) A gene is a short length of a chromosome
- 5.) Genes control the developement of different characteristics e,g. hair colour, how an organism functions
- Each gene has a code for making a certain protein. Proteins are the building blocks of cells. having different proteins means we end up with different characteristics
- structural proteins include skin, hair, blood and cytoplasm in cells. Collagen is a structural protein found in tendons, bones and cartilage
- Functional proteins include enzymes which help with digestion e.g. amylase breaks down starch to maltose
- Genotype is all of the genes an organism has. The characteristics of an organism are in its phenotype
- Some characteristics are caused by genes whilst others are caused by environmental factors
- Variation
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- Genes Chromosomes DNA
- Genes, Variation and Inheritance
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