BY1: Biological molecules - Carbohydrates.
- Created by: ellie stratton
- Created on: 17-12-12 10:10
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- carbohydrates
- Monosaccharides
- General formula of: (CH2O)n.
- Name is determined by number of carbon atoms in molecule (n).
- Hexose sugars
- Glucose
- Forms two isomers, alpha and beta.
- Same formula (C6H12O6) different molecular structure
- Glucose
- Source of energy - In respiration carbon-hydrogen bongs are broken forming ATP
- Building block for larger molecules e.g. glucose forms cellulose.
- General formula of: (CH2O)n.
- Disaccharides
- Two monosaccharides with a glycocidic bond. CONDENSATION REACTION
- Test for sugars:
- Add blue benedicts solution and heat.
- If reducing sugar present (glucose) turns red/orange colour.
- Add blue benedicts solution and heat.
- Polysaccharides
- Starch
- Insoluable unlike glucose which would cause unneccasary osmosis
- Testing for the presence of starch: Add iodine should turn blue/black if present.
- Insoluable unlike glucose which would cause unneccasary osmosis
- Cellulose
- Structural polysaccharide, found in cell walls.
- Long parallel chains of beta glucose.
- 60-70 cellulose molecules form microfibrils.
- freely permeable which allows water and solutes to penetrate through the membrane.
- Chitin
- includes amino acids so forms an muco-polysaccharide.
- Strong, waterproof and light weight
- Starch
- Monosaccharides
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