Biological Approach
- Created by: Millicent99
- Created on: 12-06-17 10:44
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- BIO- PSYCHOLOGY
- Assumptions
- Biological processes; Genes, neurochemistry, the nervous system
- Genetic basis of behaviour; twin and family studies
- Genotype and phenotype; Interaction between nature and nurture
- Evolution and behaviour; Natural selection of genes based on survival value and ultimately, reproductive success.
- Scientific methods; precise techniques, such as scanning techniques, family studies and drug trials
- Real life applications; Psychotheraputic drugs
- The Nervous System
- Central nervous system; brain and spinal cord
- Peripheral Nervous system
- Autonomic nervous system; governs vital functions in the body such as breathing, sexual arousal etc.
- Somatic nervous system; controls muscle movement and receive info from sensory receptors
- Genes
- Genotype; Genetic make- up
- Phenotype; the way genes are expressed through physical, behaviour and psychological characteristics
- Structure and function of neurons
- Neuron; Nerve cells that process and transmit messages through electrical and chemical signals
- Types; motor; connect the CNS to muscles and glands. Sensory; carry messages from PNS to CNS and Relay; connect sensory neurons to motor and relay neurons
- Structure; cell bod contains nucleus, has dendrites. Axon covered in myelin sheath divided by nodes of Ranvier
- Electrical transmission; positive charge leads to action potential
- Endocrine System ( instructs glands to realise hormones directly into bloodstream)
- Glands and hormones; Hormones are chemical substances that circulate in bloodstream and only affect target organs. Glands synthesise substances, e.g. hormones. Pituitary is master gland.
- Fight or flight; sympathetic arousal; adrenal gland to adrenaline
- Synaptic transmission
- Synapse; Terminal buttons at synapse, synaptic vesicles release neurotransmitter
- Neurotransmitters; post- synaptic receptor site links to dendrites of adjoining neutron. specialist functions
- Excitation or inhibition; adrenaline is excitatory, serotonin is inhibitory
- Psychotherapeutic drugs; SSRIs increase serotonin activity
- Nature
- The biological approach believes us to be as a consequence of our genetics and physiology. It is the only approach in psychology that examines thoughts, feelings, and behaviours from a biological and thus physical point of view.
- Nomothetic, and reductionist
- Assumptions
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