Behaviourist Approach
- Created by: katiefaraday
- Created on: 17-05-17 11:37
View mindmap
- Behaviourist approach
- Assumptions
- Only interested in studying behaviour that can be observed and measured
- Reject introspection
- Vague and difficult to measure
- Basic processes that govern learning are the same in all species
- Classical conditioning
- Ivan Pavlov
- Realised that dogs could be conditioned to salivate to the sound of a bell
- If the sound was repeatedly presented at the same time as they were given the food
- Pavlov was able to show how a neutral stimulus could elicit a new learned response
- Neutral stimulus vs. conditioned response
- Learning through association
- Operant conditioning
- Burrhus Skinner 1953
- Suggests that learning is an active process whereby humans and animals operate on their environment
- Positive reinforcement
- A reward for a certain behaviour
- Negative reinforcement
- Avoiding something unpleasant
- Punishment
- An unpleasant consequence of behaviour
- Evaluation
- STRENGTHS
- Real life application
- The principles of conditioning have been applied to a broad range of real world behaviours
- Scientific credibility
- Behaviourism brought psychology forward as a 'real' science because it used highly controlled lab experiments
- Real life application
- WEAKNESSES
- Ethics
- Animals were exposed to stressful and aversive conditions
- Deterministic
- Implies we cannot be held responsible for any wrong doing
- Undermines free will
- Does not consider the though processes that occur before we behave in a certain way
- Implies we have no personal/moral beliefs
- Ethics
- STRENGTHS
- Assumptions
Comments
No comments have yet been made