Beethoven sonata

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  • Beethoven- Sonata no. 8 in C minor (Pathetique) Movement 1
    • Structure
      • Sonata form
        • Exposition
          • Two themes introduced
            • Linked by transitions
            • Ends with codetta
            • Then repeated
        • Devlopment
          • Themes in altered keys
          • Development starts with four bars from intro
        • Recapitulation
          • Two themes now in same key
          • Recap in Fm, then Cm
        • End with a coda
          • Starts with 4 bars of intro
      • Unusual techniques
        • Development starts with four bars from intro
        • @ allegro tempo, dev in e minor
        • Recap in Fm, then Cm
    • Sonority/ Intruments
      • Written for piano
        • Varied dynamics
          • Cresc, dim
          • Anticipating romantic era
        • Fortepiano
          • Smaller
          • Less dynamic contrast
      • Sustain pedal
        • Greater expression
          • Anticipating romantic era
          • Varied dynamics
            • Cresc, dim
          • Complex, altered structure
          • Complex chromatic harmony
    • Texture
      • Mainly homophonic
      • Monophonic section
        • long descending scale
      • RH plays octaves intro
      • Intro homophonic
        • notes playing together in chords
          • Homophonic chordal texture
      • (93) two part texture
        • Broken chords and melody
        • Second (Eb maj) idea of second subject
    • Rhythm, tempo, and metre
      • Intro
        • Grave
          • V slow
        • 4/4
      • Mainly v fast
        • Allegro di molto en con brio
          • Very fast with vigour
        • 2/2
        • Very rapid notes
          • Septuplets
          • 1/128th notes
    • Tonality
      • C minor
        • modulates to different keys in development
      • Exposition
        • **- Eb m than maj (rel. maj)
        • FS- Cminor
      • Development
        • Different keys
          • Distance such as E m
          • Confirmed by perfect cadances
      • Recapitulation
        • FS-C minor
        • **- F m than cm
          • Fm subdominant of C m
    • Melody
      • First Subject
        • Rising, dcalic themes
          • Two octaves
        • C minor
        • Staccatto
        • Second idea (27)
          • Szorzandos
          • Broken areggios
        • Transition
          • moves towards Eb major
            • Using  dominant note (B b) in bass (dominant preparation)
      • Second Subject
        • Eb  minor
        • Ornaments
          • Acciaccatura
          • Mordent
        • Hand Crossing technique
    • Harmony
      • Mostly diatonic
      • Stndard chords of the time
        • some dissonsnt
          • diminished seventh (s)
          • Augmented sixth (30)
        • Mainly root and 1st inversion
      • Cadances
        • Interrupted (9)
        • Perfect
          • Key changes
          • End of section
            • Fucntional harmony
              • Key changes

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