baron cohen
- Created by: dyalcin
- Created on: 23-03-19 12:53
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- Baron-Cohen
- Background
- 1990 suggested people w autism have a deficit in ToM
- Aim
- If individuals on autistic spectrum had deficit in Theory of Mind
- Develop an advanced test of ToM (Eyes Task)
- Gender differences in Theory of Mind
- Participants
- G1 16 with high autism (4) and Aspergers syndrome (12). MA 28.6 yrs, recruited via clinical resources and ads (13 M and 3 FM) Volunteer sample
- Group two 50 'normal' adults (25 M 25 FM) MA of 30 yrs. selected at random via a subject panel held at uni Random sample
- G3 10 with Tourrette syndrome (8 M and 2 FM) MA 27.77 years. Recruited via tertiary referral centre Snowball sample
- G2 included as a control to see the normal performance on ET. G3 included as similar to Autism.
- Hypothesis
- 1) Autism and AS would show significant impairment on Eyes Task 2) Females will perform better than Males on ET
- Method and Design
- Quasi-experiment. IV naturally occurring. IV: type of person. DV: performance on the eyes task (out of 25).
- Procedure
- Participants tested in quiet environment. Eyes Task, Strange stories, Gender recognition task in randomised order (control)
- Results
- Eyes Task: Autism and As mean score 16.3 Normal: 20.3 Tourette: 20.4
- Gender of normal group: M 18.8 FM 21.8
- Conclusions
- Provided evidence that Autism and As possess impaired theory of mind
- Theory of Mind deficits are independent of intelligence
- Evaluation
- ETHICS: protected from harm and some done at homes. Increases replicability
- VALIDITY: participants in groups matched for age and intelligence levels
- Inclusion of strange stories confirmed that it was ToM that the were measuring in ET
- Tests administered in different order, prevented order effects. Took them in quiet room contolled peer pressure or noise (possible extraneous variables
- ISSUES: in ET had to choose one of two options- could be successful guesses
- GENERALISABILITY: only Uk
- RELIABILITY: Eyes task checked by 8 ppl. 25/25 in normal groupas min no required to establish reliable effect
- USEFULNESS: useful info about AS and autism and treatments in the future
- Background
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