Balancing Conflict
- Created by: book.of.wisdom
- Created on: 22-06-20 15:18
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- Balancing Conflict
- The Terai region
- How
- WWF with Nepalese government work together on the Terai-arc landscape programme
- Forests initiatives were introduced in which local people had rights to exploit the forest as well as responsibility to look after it
- They created forest corridors between national parks
- They have been counteracting poachers and illegal felling
- Small credit and marketing schemes were set up
- Biogas plants and wood efficient stoves set up by WWF to reduce demand for firewood
- Construction of water holes
- Monitoring endangered species
- Eradicating invasive species
- Positive consequences
- Community involvement combined with government and non-governmental (WWF) leadership appears to have been successful
- Nepal tigers are using the corridors between national parks, and their population size is steadily growing
- How
- The Maasai Mara
- How
- After creation of national parks in 1945, remaining Maasai land was held in trust until 1968, when the lands were designated as "group ranches"
- Many Maasai took individual title over smaller portions of land
- This triggered land-use change, including intensification of agriculture
- This limited wildlife to increasingly small islands and constrained the mobility of livestock
- Untitled
- This limited wildlife to increasingly small islands and constrained the mobility of livestock
- This triggered land-use change, including intensification of agriculture
- Several landowners to the north of the Maasai Mara Reserve consolidated their land to form conservancies
- Positive consequences
- The density of other wildlife has dropped 65% over he last 30 years while, density of sheep and goats has increased
- Partnerships between conservancies and tourism operators have developed payment for wildlife conservation (PWC) schemes
- Negative Consequences
- Landowners have to move their livestock out during the tourist season
- This increases stock densities outside the reserve where no one receives any income
- Landowners can be forced to settle elsewhere
- There are constraints on how they can use their land
- How
- Why
- Conservation may limit access to resources(e.g. wood for fuel or building on green belt land)
- Conservation may prevent hunting in designated areas or globally (e.g. elephants for their tusks)
- Conservation may put in place borders that local communities do not recognise (particularly nomadic groups)
- The Terai region
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