Unit 2 Section 4.1 A Balanced Diet
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- Created on: 25-04-14 19:40
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- Balanced Diet
- What is a Balanced Diet?
- To stay healthy its important you have a balanced diet.
- A balanced diet gives you the right amount of all the nutrients you need, plus fibre and water.
- there are 5 important nutrients - Each Nutrient has different functions in the body
- Carbohydrates
- Provide Energy
- Fats
- Act as an energy source, provide insulation, make up cell membranes, and physically protect organs
- Proteins
- Needed for Growth the repair of tissues and to make enzymes
- Vitamins
- Different Vitamins have different functions, EG Vitamin D is needed for calcium absorption, Vitamin K is needed for blood clotting
- Mineral Salts
- Different mineral salts have different functions EG iron is needed to make Haemoglobin in the blood, calcium is needed for bone formation
- Carbohydrates
- there are 5 important nutrients - Each Nutrient has different functions in the body
- A balanced diet gives you the right amount of all the nutrients you need, plus fibre and water.
- To stay healthy its important you have a balanced diet.
- Malnutrition
- Malnutrition is caused by having too little or too much or some nutrients in your diet
- There are 3 causes
- 1) Not having enough food, so you get too little of every nutrients
- 2) Malabsorption - this is where your body isnt able to absorb the nutrients from digestion into your bloodstream properly. this causes defieciencu ilnesses
- 3) Having an unbalanced diet - an unbalanced diet may contain too little of a nutrient and this can lead to deficiency ilnesses
- Obesity
- Over -nutrition can lead to obesity - a condition defined as being 20% over the recommended body weight
- It is a serious condition as it can increase the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes, arthritis, high blood pressure, coronary heart disease and sometimes a form of cancer
- The main cause of obesity is eating too much sugary or fatty food and getting too little exercide
- people can also be obese due to an under active thyroid gland
- Coronary Heart Disease
- CHD, is the result of reduced blood flow to the heart and can lead to chest pain and heart attacks
- its caused by atherosclerosis - the narrowing and hardening of the coronary arteries
- Diets that are high in cholesterol and salt can increase the risk of atherosclerosis and CHD
- Blood Cholesterol Levels
- Cholesterol is a lipid made in the body, but we also get some from our diet
- Some cholesterol is needed for the body to function normally
- Cholesterol needs to be attached to a protein to be moved around so the body forms lipoproteins - substances composed of both proteins and lipid
- The body is able to regulate its total blood cholesterol level using lipoproteins - there are two types
- Low Density Lipoproteins - these are mainly lipids
- They transport cholestrerol from the liver to the blood where it circulates until needed by cells. their function is to increase blood chholesterol when the level is too low
- High Density Lipoproteins
- HDL's are mainly protein. they transport cholesterol from body tissues to the liver where its recycled or excreted
- there function is to reduce blood cholesterol when the levis is too high
- HDL's are mainly protein. they transport cholesterol from body tissues to the liver where its recycled or excreted
- Low Density Lipoproteins - these are mainly lipids
- The body is able to regulate its total blood cholesterol level using lipoproteins - there are two types
- Cholesterol needs to be attached to a protein to be moved around so the body forms lipoproteins - substances composed of both proteins and lipid
- Some cholesterol is needed for the body to function normally
- Cholesterol is a lipid made in the body, but we also get some from our diet
- What is a Balanced Diet?
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