B9 Respiration

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  • B9 Respiration
    • B9.1 Aerobic Respiration
      • Cellular respiration is an exothermic reaction that occurs continuously in living cells
      • Glucose + Oxygen -> Carbon Dioxide + Water
      • The energy transferred supplies all the energy needed for living processes
    • B9.2 The Response to Exercise
      • The energy that is transferred during respiration is used to enable muscles to contract
      • During exercise the human body responds to the increased demand for energy
        • Increase in heart and breathing rate and breath volume
        • Glycogen turned into Glucose for cellular respiration
        • Increase in the flow of oxygenated blood to the muscles
      • The responses act to increase the rate of supply of oxygen and glucose and the removal of carbon dioxide to and from the muscles
    • B9.3 Anaerobic Respiration
      • After a long time of hard work muscles become fatigue and do not contract efficiently, if they don't get enough oxygen they respire anaerobically
      • Anaerobic Respiration is respiration without oxygen, instead glucose ins broken down into lactic acid
      • It transfers less energy than aerobic respiration
      • After exercise oxygen is still needed to break down lactic acid, the amount nodded is know as Oxygen Debt
      • In plants and some microorganisms it produces ethanol and carbon dioxide
    • Metabolism and the Liver
      • Metabolism is the sum of all the reactions in the body
      • The energy transferred by respiration in cells is used by the organisms for the continual enzyme controlled processes of metabolisms
      • It converts
        • Glucose -> Starch/glycogen/cellulose
        • Fatty Acids -> glycerol -> lipids
        • Glucose and nitrate ions -> amino acids
        • Amino acids -> Protien
      • Blood flowing through the muscles transports lactic acid to the liver where it is then converted back into glucose

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