B6 Enzymes in Action

?
  • Created by: Qiao-Chu
  • Created on: 14-04-13 07:58
View mindmap
  • B6 Enzymes in Action
    • Biological Washing Powder
      • Stains caused by soluble chemicals wash out easily but insoluble chemicals like starch, proteins and fats are more stubborn
      • Non-biological washing powder (detergents) have chemicals that break up stains
      • Biological washing powders have same chemicals as non-biological but also enzymes
      • Usually works best at moderate temperatures because enzymes denatured by high temperatures, some powders have more heat resistant enzymes so higher temperature
      • Might not work well in acidic or alkaline tap water, enzymes denatured by extremes in pH
      • Special stain removers for wine, blood, oil, some just special solvents, some contain specific enzymes to break down stain
    • Medical Products
      • Diabetes diagnosed by presence of sugar in urine
      • Used to be tested by doctors tasting urine, then using Benedict's solution, which when heated will turn blue to orange if sugar present
      • Now tested with reagent *****s with enzymes and chemicals in them, when dipped in urine, will change colour if sugar present
      • Test based on sequence of enzyme reactions, product of enzyme controlled reactions cause chemical embedded in ***** to change colour
      • Similar *****s used to test blood sugar levels
    • Food Industry
      • Low calorie food such as sugar (sucrose) is used to sweeten food
      • Enzyme sucrase/invertase used to break down sucrose into glucose and fructose which are much sweeter
      • Same level of sweetness using less sugar - low calorie food sweetener without adding calories
      • Cheese, enzyme rennet used to clot milk in first stages of producing cheese
      • Enzyme pectinase used to extract fruit juice, breaks down pectin (part of cell wall in apples and oranges) causing cell to release juice
    • Enzymes are molecules made of protein that catalyse chemical reactions in living organisms
  • Usually works best at moderate temperatures because enzymes denatured by high temperatures, some powders have more heat resistant enzymes so higher temperature
  • Stain
  • Sources of stain
    • Stain
  • Enzymes
    • Sources of stain
    • Product
      • Enzymes
      • Carbohydrate
        • Jam, chocolate
      • Jam, chocolate
      • Amylases
        • Simple sugars
          • Amylases
          • Lipid (fats)
            • Butter, oil
              • Lipases
                • Glycerol and fatty acids
          • Lipases
            • Glycerol and fatty acids
          • Protein
            • Blood, grass
              • Proteases
                • Amino acids
          • All products soluble in water so washed out easily

          Comments

          No comments have yet been made

          Similar Biology resources:

          See all Biology resources »See all Enzymes and digestion resources »