B6 Enzymes in Action
- Created by: Qiao-Chu
- Created on: 14-04-13 07:58
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- B6 Enzymes in Action
- Biological Washing Powder
- Stains caused by soluble chemicals wash out easily but insoluble chemicals like starch, proteins and fats are more stubborn
- Non-biological washing powder (detergents) have chemicals that break up stains
- Biological washing powders have same chemicals as non-biological but also enzymes
- Usually works best at moderate temperatures because enzymes denatured by high temperatures, some powders have more heat resistant enzymes so higher temperature
- Might not work well in acidic or alkaline tap water, enzymes denatured by extremes in pH
- Special stain removers for wine, blood, oil, some just special solvents, some contain specific enzymes to break down stain
- Medical Products
- Diabetes diagnosed by presence of sugar in urine
- Used to be tested by doctors tasting urine, then using Benedict's solution, which when heated will turn blue to orange if sugar present
- Now tested with reagent *****s with enzymes and chemicals in them, when dipped in urine, will change colour if sugar present
- Test based on sequence of enzyme reactions, product of enzyme controlled reactions cause chemical embedded in ***** to change colour
- Similar *****s used to test blood sugar levels
- Food Industry
- Low calorie food such as sugar (sucrose) is used to sweeten food
- Enzyme sucrase/invertase used to break down sucrose into glucose and fructose which are much sweeter
- Same level of sweetness using less sugar - low calorie food sweetener without adding calories
- Cheese, enzyme rennet used to clot milk in first stages of producing cheese
- Enzyme pectinase used to extract fruit juice, breaks down pectin (part of cell wall in apples and oranges) causing cell to release juice
- Enzymes are molecules made of protein that catalyse chemical reactions in living organisms
- Biological Washing Powder
- Usually works best at moderate temperatures because enzymes denatured by high temperatures, some powders have more heat resistant enzymes so higher temperature
- Stain
- Sources of stain
- Stain
- Enzymes
- Sources of stain
- Sources of stain
- Product
- Enzymes
- Enzymes
- Carbohydrate
- Jam, chocolate
- Jam, chocolate
- Amylases
- Simple sugars
- Amylases
- Amylases
- Lipid (fats)
- Butter, oil
- Lipases
- Glycerol and fatty acids
- Lipases
- Butter, oil
- Lipases
- Glycerol and fatty acids
- Protein
- Blood, grass
- Proteases
- Amino acids
- Proteases
- Blood, grass
- All products soluble in water so washed out easily
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