B5 Part 1


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  • Created by: WillDayy
  • Created on: 11-04-16 16:36
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  • B5 Part 1
    • Bones and Cartlilage
      • Bones
        • Contain Bone Marrow - spongy substance producing blood cells
        • Bones start off as cartilage - can grow & repair itself
        • OSSIFICATION turns cartilage to bone - deposition of calcium & phosphorus
        • Cartilage remains in bones even after growth has ended
      • Osteoporosis - condition where calcium is lost from bones
    • Joints & muscles
      • Joints
        • Synovial joints - main type of joint e.g the Knee
          • Bones held together by ligments - high tensile strength
        • Ends of bones covered with cartilage - prevent bones rubbing against each other
        • Synovial membrane releases synovial fluid -lubricates joint
        • Ball & socket joint e.g hips / shoulders
          • Move in all directions & rotate
        • Hinge joint e.g knee / elbow
          • Move backwards & forwards
      • Muscles
        • Connect to bones via tendons
        • Move bones by contracting at a joint
        • Come in antagonistic pairs - while one muscle contracts the other will relax
          • Causes movement in one direction
    • Blood
      • Circulatory system
        • Single circulatory system requires a single chambered heart
        • Double circulatory systems require a two chambered heart
          • Maintains higher blood pressure
            • Blood can be pumped the whole way around the body and faster
      • Cardiac Cycle & circulation
        • Atrio-ventricular and semi lunar valves prevent blood backflow
        • 1) Blood flows into aria
          • 2) Atria contract - blood flows into ventricles
            • 3) Ventricles contract blood flows to aorta and pulmonary artery

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