B5 - Homeostasis and Response
- Created by: Perseus123
- Created on: 17-10-19 21:04
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- Hormonal Coordination
- Hormones (Humans)
- Chemical molecules sent in the blood to control target organs to produca an effect
- Secreted by glands
- Pituitary - "master gland"
- Secrets hormones that control other glands
- Pancreas
- Glucagon
- Increases blood glucose
- Conversion of glycogen to glucose stored in the liver and muscles
- Insulin
- Conversion of glucose to glycogen to be stored in the liver and muscles.
- Decreases blood glucose levels
- Monitors and controls blood glucose levels
- Control using negative feedback cycle.
- Diabetes
- Type 1
- Disorder
- Young children
- Little to no insulin from pancreas
- Insulin therapy
- Injections
- Very effective
- Amount depends on diet and how active person is
- Limiting intake of carbohydrates
- Regular exercise
- Cannot be cured
- Injections
- Type 2
- Older people
- Resistance to insulin
- Obesity increses chances
- Control
- Exercise
- Carbohydrate-controlled diet
- Type 1
- Glucagon
- Thyroid
- Thyroxin
- Controls metabolism in the body
- Heart Rate
- Temperature
- Thyroxin
- Adrenal
- Adrenalin
- Controls preparation for "fight or flight"
- Increases heart rate
- Pumps blood quicker
- More oxygen and glucose to brain and muscles
- Pumps blood quicker
- Increases heart rate
- Controls preparation for "fight or flight"
- Adrenalin
- Testes(Males only)
- Testosterone
- Puberty
- Causes secondary sex characteristics to develop
- Facial hair
- Production of sperm
- Growth spurt
- Causes secondary sex characteristics to develop
- Puberty
- Testosterone
- Ovaries(Females only)
- Oestrogen
- Puberty
- Causes secondary sex characteristics to develop
- Maturation of eggs
- Once every 28 days
- Ovulation
- Once every 28 days
- MENSTRUAL CYCLE
- FSH
- maturation of eggs in ovary
- alternates in each ovary every month
- Produced in pituitary gland
- Stimulates ovaries to produce oestrogen
- maturation of eggs in ovary
- LH
- Stimulates release of egg
- Produced in pituitary gland
- Progesterone and Oestrogen
- Maintaining uterus lining
- Oestrogen inhibits production of FSH
- Progesterone inhibits production of LH and FSH
- Stages
- Stage 1 - start - uterus lining breaks down
- takes place for 4 days
- Day 1- 4
- Stage 2 - The uterus lining builds up again with fresh blood vessels ready to receive a mature egg
- Day 4 - 14
- takes place for 10 days
- Stage 3 - An egg develops(matures) and is released(ovulation)
- Day 14
- takes place for 1 day
- Stage 4 - Wall is maintained for fertilised egg to land, if no egg present the lining starts to break down and the cycle restarts.
- Day 14 - 28
- takes place for 14 days
- Stage 1 - start - uterus lining breaks down
- FSH
- Maturation of eggs
- Causes secondary sex characteristics to develop
- Puberty
- Oestrogen
- Pituitary - "master gland"
- Effects are slower but last longer compared to nervous system
- Hormones(Plants)
- Auxin
- Growth near roots and shoots
- In response to light
- Phototropism
- auxin accumulates on the shady side, causing cells on this side to elongate(grow) faster, so the shoot bends towards the light
- Phototropism
- In response to gravity
- Geotropism/Gravitropism
- Unequal distribution of auxin the roots
- Moe auxin on the lower side
- Causes lower side to grow faster. making the root bend upwards.
- Extra auxin inhibits growth
- Cells on top can grow faster and cause roots downwards
- Moe auxin on the lower side
- Unequal distribution of auxin the roots
- Geotropism/Gravitropism
- Auxin
- Hormones (Humans)
- Stage 1 - start - uterus lining breaks down
- takes place for 4 days
- Day 1- 4
- Stage 2 - The uterus lining builds up again with fresh blood vessels ready to receive a mature egg
- Day 4 - 14
- takes place for 10 days
- Stage 3 - An egg develops(matures) and is released(ovulation)
- Day 14
- takes place for 1 day
- Stage 4 - Wall is maintained for fertilised egg to land, if no egg present the lining starts to break down and the cycle restarts.
- Day 14 - 28
- takes place for 14 days
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