B2.1: Cells, tissues, organs
- Created by: toowhittoowhoo
- Created on: 12-10-13 18:22
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- B2.1 Cells
- Cells
- Animal Cells
- Nucleus-controls cell activity and contains genes
- Plant Cells
- Cytoplasm -where chemical reactions take place
- Ribosomes-where protein synthesis occurs
- Mitochondria -where aerobic respiration occurs
- Cell Membrane-controls passages of substances in/out
- Chloroplasts- contain chlorophyll to absorb light energy for photosynphesis
- Cell Wall- made of cellulose to support and strengthen cell
- Vacuole- full of cell sap to support cell
- Plant Cells
- Cell Membrane-controls passages of substances in/out
- Cytoplasm -where chemical reactions take place
- Ribosomes-where protein synthesis occurs
- Mitochondria -where aerobic respiration occurs
- Nucleus-controls cell activity and contains genes
- Plant Cells
- Chloroplasts- contain chlorophyll to absorb light energy for photosynphesis
- Cell Wall- made of cellulose to support and strengthen cell
- Vacuole- full of cell sap to support cell
- Bacterium cell
- Cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall
- genetic info not is distinct nucleus, sometimes in plasmids
- Some contain slime capsules or flagella
- Yeast cell
- Nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall
- produce ethanol via anearobic respiration
- Animal Cells
- Specialised cells
- Sperm-fertilise eggs
- flagella to move through female
- DNA in head
- acrosome contains digestive enzymes to break down outer layers of egg
- contains mitochondria for energy
- Cone Cell- see colour
- Contains light receptor cells and visual pignents
- synapse connected to optic nerve
- contains chemicals which change in coloured light
- Fat cell-to provide energy
- can expand to 1000 times its size
- few mitochondria-no need
- Sperm-fertilise eggs
- Diffusion
- the movement of particles from an area of high conc. to an area of low conc. until equilibrium is reached
- occurs faster when there is a higher temperature (particles have more energy) or when conc. gradient is higher
- In living organisms
- exchange of O2 and CO2 in lungs
- cells are adapted by having large surface area e.g. folded membrane
- digested food in small intestine to blood
- good blood supply
- Tissues and Organs
- tissue
- group of cells with similar structure and function that work together
- glandular tissue-produce enzymes/ hormones
- epithelial tissue -covers parts of body e.g.stomach
- epidermal tissue-covers plat
- mesophyll tissue-carry out photosynthesis
- xylem tissue- transport water
- phloem tissue- transport sugars
- Organs
- group of tissues working together to carry out a function
- organ systems
- digestive system
- stomach- uses enzymes to break down food molecules
- liver-produces bile (stored in gall bladder) to neutralise stomach acid and emulisfy fats
- pancreas-produces enzymes
- small intestine-enzymes break down food molecules which are absorbed into blood
- large intestine-water is absorbed into blood stream
- small intestine-enzymes break down food molecules which are absorbed into blood
- pancreas-produces enzymes
- liver-produces bile (stored in gall bladder) to neutralise stomach acid and emulisfy fats
- stomach- uses enzymes to break down food molecules
- leaf
- waxy cuticle- prevents leaf drying out
- upper epidermis- no chloroplasts so light reaches palisade
- palisade layer- chloroplasts capture sun's energy
- vascular bundle- vein containing phloem and xylem vessels
- air spaces- allow diffusion of CO2
- vascular bundle- vein containing phloem and xylem vessels
- palisade layer- chloroplasts capture sun's energy
- upper epidermis- no chloroplasts so light reaches palisade
- waxy cuticle- prevents leaf drying out
- digestive system
- roots, stems, leaves in a plant
- tissue
- Cells
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