B16 Adaptations, interdependence + competition
- Created by: Lucy Hart
- Created on: 23-01-20 17:12
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- 16 Adaptations, intdependence + competition
- 16.1 Importance of Communities
- ecosystem - interaction of a community of biotic organisms with the abiotic parts of their environment
- interdependence - each species depends on other species for food + shelter
- stable community - species + enviromental factors are in balance so that populations remain constant
- 16.2 Organisms in their Environment
- biotic
- availability of food
- new pathogens
- new predators
- interspecific competition
- abiotic
- light intensity
- availability of CO2
- wind intensity + direction
- moisture levels
- temperature
- availability of oxygen
- biotic
- 16.3 Distribution + Abundance
- ecologists - look at how abiotic + biotic factors affect abundance + distribution
- RP - quadrat - square frame laid out to outline sample area
- choose samples at random - random number generator
- take several readings
- line transect - samples taken along a line at regular intervals
- 16.4 Competition in Animals
- best adapted - most likely to win competition
- compete for - territory, food, mates
- mark territory with urine
- peacock attracts mates with colourful feathers
- 16.5 Competition with Plants
- compete for - water, light, nutrients, space
- coping with competition
- short plants grow early when plenty of light
- seeds disperse
- different types of roots
- shed leaves, rot, providing mineral ions in soil
- 16.6 Adapt + survive
- extremeophiles - have adaptations that enable them to live in extreme conditions of salt, temperature + pressure
- sea birds - cry salty tears from sweat gland
- live in extreme winter temperatures - chemical acts as antifreeze
- plants - big air spaces in leaves to photosynthesise
- B16.7 Adaptations in Animals
- structural, behavioural + functional adaptations
- cold climate
- small surface area to volume ratio = reduce transfer of energy
- layer of fat - insulation
- dry climate
- concentrated urine = need less water
- camel
- take up large amount of water when avaiable
- long eyelids = prevent sand in eyes
- fat store in hump
- 16.1 Importance of Communities
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