B1.2- Animal and plant cells.
- Created by: H_Coveney
- Created on: 12-12-17 16:21
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- B1.2- Animal and plant cells.
- Animal cells are usually around 10-30?m long, they contain:
- nucleus
- controls all the activities of the cell and is surrounded by the nuclear membrane
- It contains the genes on the chromosomes that carry instructions for making the proteins needed to build new cells or organisms.
- It has an average diameter of 10µm.
- cytoplasm
- a liquid gel in which the organelles are suspended and where most of the chemical reactions needed for life take place.
- cell membrane
- controls the passage of substances such as glucose and mineral ions into the cell.
- It also controls the movement of substances such as hormones and urea out of the cell.
- mitochondria
- structures in the cytoplasm where aerobic respiration takes place, releasing the energy for the cell.
- They are very small, only about 1-2µm in length and 0.2-0.7µm in diameter.
- ribosomes
- where protein synthesis takes place, making all the proteins needed in the cell.
- nucleus
- Plant cells are often bigger than animal cells, they're around 10-100µm in length. They have all the features of animal cells plus a few extras.
- chloroplasts
- they are found in all green part of a plant, because they contain the green substance chlorophyll.
- chlorophyll absorb light so the plant can make food by photo-synthesis; each chloroplast is 2-5µm long.
- Root cells do not have chloroplasts because they are underground and so do not need to photo-synthesise
- permanent valcuole
- a space in the cytoplasm filled with cell sap; this is important to keep the cells rigid to support the plant.
- chloroplasts
- Animal cells are usually around 10-30?m long, they contain:
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