B11.6-B11.8
- Created by: Kat14578
- Created on: 11-10-19 20:55
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- B11.6-B11.8
- Hormones and the menstrual cycle
- Hormones
- Oestrogen
- rising levels trigger development of secondary sexual characteristics
- Ages 8-14
- produced by Ovaries
- Testosterone
- produced by Testes
- rising levels trigger development of secondary sexual characteristics
- Ages 9-15
- Oestrogen
- What ages do men and women stop having babies?
- Women
- Eggs mature + released every month (period) for an average 35-40 years
- Egg supply eventually runs out + go through menopause; can no longer have children
- Men
- Men can continue to have babies at any time in their life if sperm is still being produced
- Women
- Menstrual cycle
- 1-A mature egg is released every month on the 14 day by stimulation of LH
- 2-egg not fertilized, 14 days later, lining of the uterus and egg are shed (period)
- Hormones
- FSH (Follicle-stimulating hormone)
- Causes egg in the ovary to mature
- LH (lusteinising hormone)
- Stimulates the release of the egg (ovulation)
- Oestrogen
- Stimulates the build-up and maintenance of the uterus lining
- FSH (Follicle-stimulating hormone)
- Hormones
- The artificial control of fertility
- Contraception
- unwanted pregnancy can be avoided with the use of contraception
- Surgical method
- Men
- Vasectomy- sperm ducts are cut and tied
- Women
- Sterilization- where the Fallopian tubes are cut and tied
- Men
- Barrier methods
- Condoms
- Advantage - no side effects, offer some protection against STIs
- Disadvantage- may get damaged, leaking sperm
- Diaphragm or cap
- Thin rubber is place over the cervix
- Advantages- No side effects
- Disadvantages- If not fitted correctly sperm may pass it
- Condoms
- Preventing implantation of fertilized egg in the uterus
- Oral contraception
- Mixed pill (Oestrogen + Progesterone)
- Stop release of FSH by pituitary gland so no eggs mature
- Stop uterus lining from developing
- Progesterone only pill
- Needs to be taken daily
- Mixed pill (Oestrogen + Progesterone)
- Subcutaneous implants of progesterone
- Very effective 99.95%
- Contraceptive skin patches
- Hormones are absorbed directly into the blood stream
- Need to be replaced weekly
- Intrauterine devices
- Small structures that are inserted by a doctor in uterus
- Lasts up to 5 years
- Contains copper - prevents implantation of embryo
- or contains slowly releasing progesterone - prevents build up of lining of uterus
- Oral contraception
- Abstinence
- Don't have sex, you can't get pregnant
- Can be prevented by : -Sperm not meeting egg -fertilized egg does not implant in the uterus
- Contraception
- Infertility treatment
- Common causes of infertility
- Obesity
- Eating disorders
- Age
- Lack of Ovulation
- Women doesn't produce enough FSH to stimulate maturation of the eggs in the ovaries
- Artifical FSH can be used as fertility drug
- 1-Causes eggs in ovary to mature
- 2-Triggers Oestrogen production
- 3-Artificial LH is then used to trigger ovulation
- Common causes of infertility
- Hormones and the menstrual cycle
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