Atypical gender development

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  • Atypical gender development
    • KLEINFELTER SYNDROME
      • XXY
      • 1% of the population, could be higher but some people are unaware
      • PHYSICAL
        • reduced body hair
        • feminine sexondary sex characteristic
          • gynecomastia
        • long legs
          • less developed sex organs
      • research support- Bruining et al (2009)
        • investigated psychic morbidity
      • poor language skills
        • passive and shy
          • lack interest in sexual activity
            • don't respond well to stress
              • problems with executive functions
                • PSYCH
    • TURNERS
      • XO
        • only have 45, not 46
      • 1 in 2000 girls
      • PHYSICAL
        • amenorrhoea (cessation of periods)
        • pre-pubescent appearance
          • lack of ovaries, so no oestrogen and progesterone
            • lack secondary sex characteristic e.g breasts and waist to hip ratio
              • webbed neck
              • lowset ears
      • socially immature
      • PSYCHO LOGICALLY
        • above average language skills
          • especially reading
        • less than average at maths
      • Ross et al (2013)
        • assessed the burden of TS and other congenital hypo gonadisms
    • IDA, nature v nurture
      • it is inferred that the diseases studied have a biological basis, so nature influences psych and behaviour
        • lack of acknowledgement for factors being social e.g immaturity may be a result of being treat so, since they are pre pubescent
    • EVALUATION
      • development of therapies to improve quality and duration of lives
        • e.g treating stunted growth with hormone supplements
          • research has a positive effect on human experience, effectively treat gender dev
            • also could result in earlier and more accurate diagnosis. Australian study found people treated in childhood had sig. benefits
      • difficulty establishing a cause and effect relationship with chromosomal patterns and symptoms
        • immaturity in females may be a result of how society treats them, not their condition
          • wrong to assume it is due to nature and not social influences
      • issues in assuming behaviours are atypical
        • there is a typical level of maturity for women and shyness is not common in men
          • so, the criteria for the condition is subjective and based off of individual assumption, so we question the accuracy

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