Attraction
- Created by: Sess
- Created on: 12-05-15 07:22
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- Attraction
- Factors that lead to Attraction
- 1) Proximity
- Interaction
- The greater the interaction, the greater the attraction
- Newcomb (1961)
- Uni girls were given ambiguous info about 2 other girls, one whom they would meet.
- When asked who they liked more, they said the girl they were set to meet
- Berscheid et al (1967)
- The greater the interaction, the greater the attraction
- Mere Exposure
- The greater the exposure, the greater the fondness
- Michigan students were showed made up 'turkish' words. They preferred the ones that came up most frequently
- The same occured for men's faces and chinese-like characters
- Zajonc (1970)
- Proximity increases liking. The closer you are the closer you get emotionally
- A survey of ppl in long term relationshops was conducted, 38% met at school or work ofr places near their home
- Pew (2006)
- Interaction
- 2) Physical Attractivenes
- Matching Hypothesis
- Murstein (1986)
- States that more similarly matched attractiveness (& other traits) ppts had longer lasting relationships
- A 'Get acquianted'dance study randomly paired ppts but told they had been matched
- Physical attractiveness was the largest factor contributing to making a second date
- Walster et al (1966)
- Attractivenes Stereotype
- People automatically expect attractive people to also be smart & successful
- British children's IQs were measured at 7, 11 + 16. There was a correlation between IQ & attractiveness
- Kanazawa (20110
- Attractiveness is a moderately good indication of popularity
- 123 couples were rated for attractiveness by males & females
- Correlations tended to be higher the more serious the relationship was eg. .18 for casual, .63 for married
- White (1980)
- Matching Hypothesis
- 3) Similarity vs. Complimentary
- Similar attitudes bring couples closer together
- 291 married couples were surveyed and found to be more 'similar' than 'random' couples
- But marital satisfaction was associated with similar personalities rather than attitudes
- Luo + Klohnen (2005)
- Desire for similarity trumps desire for attractiveness
- 4) Reciprocal affection
- Attribution
- If praise clearly violated what we know, we may lose respect for person bestowing it
- Shrauger (1975)
- If praise clearly violated what we know, we may lose respect for person bestowing it
- Loss-gain Hypothesis
- A study was conducted 'allowing' women to overheard evaluations about themselves.
- They either heard +/-,+ > - or - > +.
- The ones that best liked the evaluators were the ones that changed from negative to positive evaluations
- Aronson + Linder (1975)
- Discovering that someone appealing really likes you awakens romantic feelings for that person
- Aron et al (1989)
- Students liked another student who said 8 good things about them more than a student who said 7 good things and 1 bad one
- We are sensitive to negative feedback
- Berscheid et al (1969)
- Attribution
- 1) Proximity
- Factors that enable/ influence relationships
- Attachment Style
- The Strange Situation
- Mary Ainsworth (1969)
- Used to investigate attachment types
- The Love Quiz
- Hazan + Shaver (1987)
- Longitudinal study on relationships. Found a correlation between attachment style and romantic love style
- Secure: Found it easy to get closeDidnt worry about being abandonedHad satisfying, enduring relationships
- Avoidant: Less investedOne night standsFearful + dismissive
- Resistant: Less trustingPossessive + jealousEmotional + angry
- The Strange Situation
- Equity
- Walster et al (1978)
- A partner expects out what they put into a relationship
- This is super important in LTRs
- Equitable partners were more content, happy. Inequity results in distress
- Equity is different between cultures
- Self Disclosure
- We like people we can disclose and feel disclosed to
- Paired ppts, given 36 questions gradually increasing in intimacy.
- Those who got intimate felt a lot closer to that person
- Aron + Aron (1997)
- Attachment Style
- Aristotle called humans 'social animals'
- Humans have a need to belong, motivation to connect with others in close relationships to prevent ostracism which is literally painful
- Myers (2013)
- Factors that lead to Attraction
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