Psychology AS Unit 1 A - Attatchment (nearly done)
- Created by: Jamie Sims
- Created on: 09-05-14 08:56
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- Attatchment - AS Psychology A Unit1
- Theories Of Attatchment
- Bowlby's Evolutionary Theory
- Something like imprinting happens in humans.
- Evolved biological need to attatch to primary caregiver.
- Having one special bond is called monotropy.
- Survival Benefits
- Provides safe base to explore the environment.
- Internal Working Model
- Attatchment Provides template for all future relationships.
- Critical Period of up to 3 years to make this attatchment otherwise damages social and emotional development.
- Evolved biological need to attatch to primary caregiver.
- Something like imprinting happens in humans.
- Learning Theory
- Lorenz Ethological Approach
- Imprinting
- Form an attatchment with the first moving object an animal sees after birth.
- Geese followed Lorenz because he was the first moving object they saw.
- Imprinting
- Bowlby's Evolutionary Theory
- Types of attatchment
- Ainsworth's Strange Situation
- Insecure/Secure Attatchments
- Insecure Avoidant
- Insecure Resistant
- Secure
- Disruption of Attatchment
- Seperation
- Child is away from caregiver for a short time.
- PDD model
- 1) Protest 2) Despair 3) Detatchment
- Attachment can be permanently damaged.
- Lack of trust
- Lack of security
- Robertson and Robertson (1968)
- natural experiment
- several children
- John left in residential nnursery for nine days
- Long term permanent damage
- Short Term very bad effects.
- Deprivation
- Long Term/permanent loss.
- Bowlby - 44 Juvenile thieves
- 14 classed as emotionless psychopaths
- 12 out of those 14 had experienced frequent separation from primary caregiver
- Case Studies
- 14 classed as emotionless psychopaths
- Seperation
- What is an attatchment?
- A close emotional bond between two individuals who both desire to be in cose proximity.
- Macobby (1980)
- Said There are 4 characteristics of an attatchment.
- Seeking proximity
- Seperation Anxiety
- Pleasure when reunited
- General Orientation of behaviour towards caregiver.
- Ainsworth's Strange Situation
- Said There are 4 characteristics of an attatchment.
- Cultural Differences in attatchment
- Kroonenberg cross cultural study of Strange Situation
- Similar percentage of secure children in all countries.
- Western Cultures- more avoidant relationships
- Eastern Cultures - more resistant relationships
- Grossman
- German more avoidant because value independence
- Japanes more resistant because value dependence and group success
- Kroonenberg cross cultural study of Strange Situation
- Child Care
- Effects on Aggression
- HAskins
- large groups = more aggressive
- Vandel
- more time in day care = more noncompliant
- HAskins
- Effects on Peer relations
- Negative
- Sroufe
- Longitudinal
- Supports Bowlbys Continuity Hypothesis
- Day Care increases likelihood of insecure attatchment - insecure attatchment leads to insecure peer relationships in later life.
- Sroufe
- Positive
- Clarke-Stewart et al
- Increased time in day care speeds up social development
- Shea
- High positive correlation between time spent in day care an sociability
- Clarke-Stewart et al
- Negative
- Effects on Attatchment
- Positive
- Clarke Stewart et al
- 500 Children
- 30+ hours in day caare no more affected
- Clarke Stewart et al
- Negative
- Belsky
- Bowlby Continuity hypothesis
- If child is in day care for more than four months within the first year of being born then the attatchment risks disruption
- Belsky
- Positive
- Effects on Aggression
- Theories Of Attatchment
- Child Care
- Effects on Aggression
- HAskins
- large groups = more aggressive
- Vandel
- more time in day care = more noncompliant
- HAskins
- Effects on Peer relations
- Negative
- Sroufe
- Longitudinal
- Supports Bowlbys Continuity Hypothesis
- Day Care increases likelihood of insecure attatchment - insecure attatchment leads to insecure peer relationships in later life.
- Sroufe
- Positive
- Clarke-Stewart et al
- Increased time in day care speeds up social development
- Shea
- High positive correlation between time spent in day care an sociability
- Clarke-Stewart et al
- Negative
- Effects on Attatchment
- Positive
- Clarke Stewart et al
- 500 Children
- 30+ hours in day caare no more affected
- Clarke Stewart et al
- Negative
- Belsky
- Bowlby Continuity hypothesis
- If child is in day care for more than four months within the first year of being born then the attatchment risks disruption
- Belsky
- Positive
- Effects on Aggression
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