Attachment (learning theory)
- Created by: Anna Clodfelter
- Created on: 22-02-14 16:18
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- Attachment
- Maurer and Maurer
- Suggest that attachments are "welded in the heat of interactions". This means that attachment depends on interactions between two people, rather than simply being together.
- Maccoby
- Identified four key behaviours of attachments- Seeking closeness in times of distress, distress when separated, pleasure when reunited and general movement of behaviour towards primary caregiver.
- Learning Theory!
- Classical conditioning
- Watson proposed the process of CC based on Pavlov's observations of dogs which salivated in response to a bell which had previously been associated with food.
- Classical conditioning is learning through association.
- Can be used to explain the basis of the attachment bond: Neutral stimulus (mother)+ Unconditioned stimulus + Unconditioned response (pleasure) = Conditioned stimulus (food) + Conditioned response (pleasure)
- Operant Conditioning
- Behaviour is learnt through punishment and reward.
- Dollard and Miller used operant conditioning to explain attachments.. attachment is due to drive reduction. Hunger and cold have a strong motivation effect on the child, driving it to satisfy its need by eating or seeking warmth. by doing so they it results in drive reduction which rewards the child.
- Harlow and Harlow
- Tested learning theory with monkeys. Came to the conclusion that monkeys have innate, unlearned need for contact and comfort.
- Problems with this study is that it cannot be generalized to humans, and that it is unethical due to the stress it caused the monkeys.
- Classical conditioning
- Maurer and Maurer
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