Atoms and sub-atomic particles
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- Created on: 22-03-15 13:08
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- Atoms, elements and compounds
- Mixtures can be separated into simpler substances with fewer parts.
- A compound can be broken down into simpler compounds or its elements
- Elements are substances that cannot be broken down by chemical reactions into simper substances.
- Symbols are not always the letters of the name of the element e.g sodium has the symbol Na
- Chemists use models to represent the 3D arrangements of atoms. Coloured spheres represent atoms
- Sub-atomic particles
- Sub-atomic particles have both a charge and a mass
- You can workout the mass of an atom by adding together the numbers of protons and neutrons
- Since an atom has an equal numbers of protons and electrons, the charges cancel out
- Neutrons have no charge and are neutral
- The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atoms is its mass number
- The electronic configuration of an atom gives the number of its electrons and the arrangement of the shells
- You can show electrons as dots or crosses. Each shell can had a limited number of electrons
- Elements with the same number of outer electron have similar chemical properties
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