Atomic Structure

AQA Seperate Science - Physics: Section 2B - Electricity and the Atom.

Mindmap covering:

  • The Plum Pudding Theory
  • Rutherford & Marsden's experiment on the atom
  • The Nuclear Model of an atom
  • The Structure of an atom
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  • Created by: Ellie
  • Created on: 17-04-14 09:23
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  • Atomic Structure
    • Plum Pudding
      • JJ Thomson's theory
      • Rutherford & Marsden experiment
        • Fired a beam of alpha particles at thin gold foil.
          • Expected that the positively charged particles would be slightly deflected by the electrons in the 'plum pudding model'
          • Result: Most of the particles just went straight through with the occasional one being reflected back.
          • Outcome: They realised that an atom  had a concentrated mass in the centre (nucleus)  This also showed that an atom is mostly empty space.
    • Nuclear Model of an atom
      • Nucleus is tiny but makes up the mass of an atom
        • Contains protons (positive charge)
        • Contains neutrons ( neutral charge
        • Has an overall positive charge
      • Made up of lots of empty space
      • Negative electrons whizz around the outside of the nucleus really fast
        • Give an atom its overall size
      • Proton : Mass= 1. Charge = +1 Neutrons : Mass = 1 Charge = 0 Electron : Mass=1/2000 Charge = -1
    • Atoms
      • Atoms have no overall charge
      • An electrons charge is the same as the proton but opposite
      • Number of protons = number of electrons in a neutral atom
      • If electrons are added the atom becomes a charged particle or an ion

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