Atomic Structure & the Periodic Table
- Created by: Devika_C
- Created on: 09-02-19 11:25
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- Atomic Structure
- atoms
- smallest part of an element
- protons = + neutrons = electrons = -
- relative mass proton = 1 neutron = 1 electron = ~0
- no overall electrical charge because
- number of electrons = number of protons
- atomic number = number of protons
- mass number = protons + neutrons
- all atoms of a particular element have the same number of protons
- atoms of different elements have different number of protons
- radius of an atom ~ 1x10-14m
- radius of nucleus ~ 0.1nm (1x10-10m)
- isotopes
- atoms of the same same element with different numbers of neutrons
- compounds
- formed from elements by chemical reactions
- 2 or more elements chemically bonded together
- mixtures
- 2 or more elements/ compounds not chemically bonded together
- Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
- Periodic Table
- metals
- react to form + ions
- most elements are metals
- found to the left and towards the bottom
- non-metals
- found towards the right and top
- group 0
- noble gases
- don't easily form molecules
- outer shell of electrons are full making them stable
- unreactive
- outer shell of electrons are full making them stable
- unreactive
- boiling point
- increase with increasing relative atomic mass
- (going down the group)
- increase with increasing relative atomic mass
- don't easily form molecules
- full outer shell
- noble gases
- group 7
- halogens
- 7 electrons in the outer shell
- non-metals
- consist of molecules made of pairs of atoms
- the further down the group
- higher the boiling and melting point
- the reactivity decreases
- a more reactive halogen can displace a less reactive halogen from an aqueous solution of its salt
- halogens
- transition elements
- ions with different charges
- form colours compounds
- useful as catalysts
- metals
- Periodic Table
- plum pudding model
- atom is a ball of positive charge with negative electrons embedded in it
- alpha particle scattering experiment (nuclear model)
- the mass of an atom was concentrated at the centre (nucleus)
- nucleus was charged
- the mass of an atom was concentrated at the centre (nucleus)
- atoms
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