Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
- Created by: Gaynor
- Created on: 19-03-18 17:31
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- Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
- Atoms, Elements and Compounds
- All substances are made up of atoms
- An atom is the smallest part of an element
- There are about 100 different elements
- Compounds are formed from elements via chemical reactions and can only be separated by chemical reactions
- Mixtures
- A mixture consists of two or more elements or compounds not chemical bonded together
- Mixtures can be separated by a physical process like filtration or distillation
- The Development of the Atom
- Before the discovery of the electron, it was thought that the atom was a tiny sphere that could not divide
- The discovery of the electron led to the plum pudding model that suggested atoms were balls of positive charge with negative electrons inside
- The alpha particle scattering experiment led to the conclusion that mass of an atom was concentrated in the centre and the nucleus was charged - the nuclear model
- Niels Bohr adapted the model suggesting electrons orbit the nucleus
- Size and Mass of Atoms
- Proton - +1 Neutron - 0 Electron - -1
- Proton - 1 Neutron - 1 Electron - Very Small
- The Periodic Table
- The elements in the periodic table are arranged in order of atomic number so elements with similar properties are in the same groups
- Elements in the same group have the same number of electrons on their outer shell
- Metals and Non-Metals
- Elements that react to form positive ions are metals - most elements
- Elements that don't form positive ions are non-metals
- Group 0 (Noble Gases)
- They are unreactive and do not form molecules because of there full outer shell
- Atoms, Elements and Compounds
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