Aquaculture mind map

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  • Aquaculture
    • Definition
      • Farming of aquatic species under controlled conditions
        • Extensive
          • Organisms reared in natural situation / environment
            • Environmental factors not controlled
            • Lower stock density
              • Lower food input required
        • Intensive
          • Organisms kept in enclosures
            • Control environmental factors
            • High stock density
              • Requires high food / antibiotic input
    • Examples
      • Grouper
        • Tanks / net cages
        • Controlled diet (pellets)
      • Tuna
        • Net pens
        • Fed on bait fish
      • Shrimp
        • Ponds / tanks
        • Diet of algae, zooplankton,and specialized feed
      • Giant clam
        • Wire mesh cages raised off of sea floor
        • Obtain most nutrients from symbiotic zooxanthellae
    • Factors necessary for sustainability
      • Waste removal (to prevent pollution)
      • Monitoring (to prevent overcrowding)
      • Adequate food supply
      • Oxygenation method
      • Protection from predators (e.g. nets)
      • Labor force (for maintenance)
      • Access to market (i.e. transport links)
      • Market demand
    • Potential impact
      • Positive
        • Increased food supply
        • Increased employment (in aquaculture industry)
        • Could restore populations of endangered species
      • Negative
        • Fall in price of fish
          • Lower  fishery income
          • Unemployment (in fisheries)
        • Escape of reared fish into wild
          • Loss of habitats / wild species
            • Decreased biodiversity
            • Effect on food chain

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